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Abstract ：
With the growing global challenge of drug abuse, there is an urgent need for rapid, accurate, and cost-effective drug detection methods. This study introduces an innovative approach to drug abuse screening by quickly detecting ephedrine (EPH) in tears using drop coating deposition-surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (DCD-SERS) combined with machine learning (ML). Using ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS), the average concentration of EPH in tear fluid of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats, measured over 3 h post-injection, was 1235 ng/mL. DCD-SERS effectively identified EPH in tear samples, with distinct Raman peaks observed at 1001 cm-1 and 1242 cm-1. To enable rapid analysis of complex SERS data, three ML algorithms-linear discriminant analysis (LDA), partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), and random forest (RF)-were employed. These algorithms achieved over 90% accuracy in distinguishing between EPH-injected and non-injected SD rats, with area under the ROC curve (AUC) values ranging from 0.9821 to 0.9911. This approach offers significant potential for law enforcement by being easily accessible, non-invasive and ethically appropriate for examinees, while being rapid, accurate, and affordable for examiners.
Keyword ：
Drug abuse Ephedrine Machine learning Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy Tear
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Yingbin , Huang, Yulong , Liu, Xiaobao et al. Rapid detection of drug abuse via tear analysis using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and machine learning [J]. | SCIENTIFIC REPORTS , 2025 , 15 (1) . |
| MLA | Wang, Yingbin et al. "Rapid detection of drug abuse via tear analysis using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and machine learning" . | SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 15 . 1 (2025) . |
| APA | Wang, Yingbin , Huang, Yulong , Liu, Xiaobao , Kang, Chishan , Wu, Wenjie . Rapid detection of drug abuse via tear analysis using surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy and machine learning . | SCIENTIFIC REPORTS , 2025 , 15 (1) . |
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Lysosomes are pivotal in diverse physiological phenomena, encompassing autophagy, apoptosis, and cellular senescence. The demand for precise tumors treatment has led to the development of specific lysosome-targeting probes capable of elucidating lysosomal dynamics and facilitating targeted cell death. In this research, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel benzopyrrolidinyl-substituted silicon phthalocyanine (Py-SiPc), designed for selective lysosome labeling and Fluorescence imaging-guided in vitro photodynamic therapy. Furthermore, we encapsulated Py-SiPc within a biocompatible nanocarrier, dipalmitoylphosphatidylethanolaminepolyethylene glycol 2000 (DSPE), to create water-soluble nanoparticles (DSPE@Py-SiPc). These nanoparticles exhibit exceptional lysosome labeling capabilities, as evidenced by bioimaging techniques. Upon exposure to laser irradiation, DSPE@Py-SiPc efficiently induces the production of reactive oxygen species, impairing lysosomal function and triggering lysosomal-mediated cell death. The DSPE@Py-SiPc system emerges as a promising photosensitizer.
Keyword ：
Lysosomal targeting Photodynamic therapy Phthalocyanine Pyrrolidine ketone Two-photon fluorescence imaging
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Xiuqin , Chen, Guizhi , Cao, Sitong et al. Benzo-pyrrolidinyl substituted silicon phthalocyanines: A novel two-photon lysosomal nanoprobe for in vitro photodynamic therapy [J]. | PHOTODIAGNOSIS AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY , 2025 , 51 . |
| MLA | Chen, Xiuqin et al. "Benzo-pyrrolidinyl substituted silicon phthalocyanines: A novel two-photon lysosomal nanoprobe for in vitro photodynamic therapy" . | PHOTODIAGNOSIS AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY 51 (2025) . |
| APA | Chen, Xiuqin , Chen, Guizhi , Cao, Sitong , Ye, Ruoxin , Qiu, Ruoyi , Yang, Xiangyu et al. Benzo-pyrrolidinyl substituted silicon phthalocyanines: A novel two-photon lysosomal nanoprobe for in vitro photodynamic therapy . | PHOTODIAGNOSIS AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY , 2025 , 51 . |
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Background: Gastric cancer remains a common malignancy with poor prognosis. While lactate metabolism is recognized as a significant factor in tumor progression, its potential as a predictive tool for treatment response remains unexplored. This study introduces a novel Lactate-Related Gene Signature (LRGS) designed to predict both survival outcomes and therapy responses in gastric cancer patients. Methods: We comprehensively analyzed 335 lactate-related genes from 11 metabolic pathways using MSigDB, identifying 278 differentially expressed genes between gastric cancer and normal tissues. Employing the LASSO Cox regression model, we developed an innovative LRGS formula based on the expression of 16 key lactaterelated genes. The impact of Solute Carrier Family 5 Member 12 (SLC5A12), a gene of particular interest, on gastric cancer cell functions was evaluated using in vitro assays and an in vivo zebrafish model. Results: Our newly established LRGS demonstrated robust capability in stratifying gastric cancer patients by survival risk. Notably, the LRGS-low subtype showed significantly improved overall and disease-free survival rates compared to the LRGS-high subtype. A key finding was LRGS's ability to predict patient responses to both adjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Random forest analysis identified SLC5A12 as the most significant gene differentiating gastric cancer from normal tissues. Functional experiments confirmed SLC5A12's role in promoting gastric cancer cell proliferation, invasion, and migration both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion: The LRGS is a dependable and efficient prognostic tool for assessing the survival outcomes in individuals with gastric cancer, as well as a predictor of patient response to adjuvant chemotherapy and immunotherapy.
Keyword ：
Chemotherapy Gastric cancer Immunotherapy Lactate
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| GB/T 7714 | Lin, Chenyi , Ye, Jianjian , Xu, Chao et al. Evaluating lactate metabolism for prognostic assessment and therapy response prediction in gastric cancer with emphasis on the oncogenic role of SLC5A12 [J]. | BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS , 2025 , 1869 (2) . |
| MLA | Lin, Chenyi et al. "Evaluating lactate metabolism for prognostic assessment and therapy response prediction in gastric cancer with emphasis on the oncogenic role of SLC5A12" . | BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS 1869 . 2 (2025) . |
| APA | Lin, Chenyi , Ye, Jianjian , Xu, Chao , Zheng, Ying , Xu, Yining , Chen, Yuluo et al. Evaluating lactate metabolism for prognostic assessment and therapy response prediction in gastric cancer with emphasis on the oncogenic role of SLC5A12 . | BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENERAL SUBJECTS , 2025 , 1869 (2) . |
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In this work, we successfully synthesized eight distinct compounds, comprising four chiral menthylamines and related derivatives. We evaluated their cytotoxic potential against a panel of human cancer cell lines, including human colon cancer HCT-116 cells, human esophageal squamous KYSE-150 cells, human breast cancer MCF-7 cells, and human glioma U87 cells. The U87 cells were chosen for a more in-depth investigation of their antitumor efficacy. Further exploration of the cytotoxicity mechanisms was conducted, complemented by in vivo studies using mice bearing tumors. These analyses unveiled the possible mechanisms by which menthylamide derivatives exert their anti-tumor effects. Notably, compound W8 demonstrated a potent inhibitory action against the proliferation of brain glioma cells. The findings from this research provide valuable insights that pave the way for the future application of menthylamides in cancer therapeutics.
Keyword ：
Antitumor Glioma Menthol Menthylamide
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| GB/T 7714 | Wu, Xiaoran , Zhuo, Yanhang , Liu, Jiangjian et al. Synthesis and anti-tumor activity of menthylamine derivatives: Focusing on the potent inhibitory effect of compound W8 on glioma growth [J]. | BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY , 2025 , 117 . |
| MLA | Wu, Xiaoran et al. "Synthesis and anti-tumor activity of menthylamine derivatives: Focusing on the potent inhibitory effect of compound W8 on glioma growth" . | BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY 117 (2025) . |
| APA | Wu, Xiaoran , Zhuo, Yanhang , Liu, Jiangjian , He, Ziming , Wang, Meiling , Lei, Wenjun et al. Synthesis and anti-tumor activity of menthylamine derivatives: Focusing on the potent inhibitory effect of compound W8 on glioma growth . | BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY , 2025 , 117 . |
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Magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) has been widely employed in the isolation and enrichment of antibiotics in complex matrices because it presents various unique advantages over traditional SPE including simple operation, fast extraction procedure, low cost and eco-friendliness. In recently years, magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (MMINs) containing highly specific recognition performance have been widely used to specific extraction of antibiotics under the format of MSPE. In this connection, recent advances of MMINs in the analysis of antibiotic residues are reviewed. Firstly, the common structure of MMINs including core-shell, coresatellite, cavity structure and nanotube/nanosheet-supported structurewere introduced. After that, a main section covers the synthesis strategies of MMINs including one-step preparation and multi-steps preparation (precipitation polymerization, emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization and surface imprinting technique) were illustrated. Furthermore, the applications of MMINs in the selective extraction of various antibiotic residues (sulfonamides, quinolones, tetracyclines, (3-lactams, aminoglycosides and so on) in environmental and food samples were summarized. Finally, the existing problems and future prospects of MMINs were outlined in the final section of the review.
Keyword ：
Antibiotics Imprinting techniques Magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles Magnetic solid phase extraction Pre-concentration
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| GB/T 7714 | Huang, Youfang , Ma, Cui , Huang, Xiaojia . A review on molecularly imprinted magnetic solid phase extraction emphasizing the analysis of antibiotics in complex matrices:Design, preparation, and application [J]. | JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A , 2025 , 1742 . |
| MLA | Huang, Youfang et al. "A review on molecularly imprinted magnetic solid phase extraction emphasizing the analysis of antibiotics in complex matrices:Design, preparation, and application" . | JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A 1742 (2025) . |
| APA | Huang, Youfang , Ma, Cui , Huang, Xiaojia . A review on molecularly imprinted magnetic solid phase extraction emphasizing the analysis of antibiotics in complex matrices:Design, preparation, and application . | JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A , 2025 , 1742 . |
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Heterointerface engineering has drawn considerable interest in tuning interfacial polarization and promoting impedance matching. Therefore, it has become a key strategy for optimizing electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption. This comprehensive review primarily focused on the EMW absorbing strategies of polymer-based materials, emphasizing the critical developments of heterointerface engineering. A possible EMW absorbing mechanism of polymer-based materials was proposed, emphasizing the synergism of multi-components, microstructure design, and heterointerface engineering. Key innovations in structural design such as porous structure, multilayered structure, and segregated structure are explored, highlighting their contributions to enhancing EMW absorption. Also, the review highlights the latest research progress of advanced conductive polymer-based and insulating polymer-based materials with desirable EMW absorption performance; their fabrication methods, structures, properties, and EMW absorption mechanisms were elucidated in detail. Key challenges on polymer-based EMW absorbing materials are presented followed by some future perspectives.
Keyword ：
component electromagnetic wave absorption Heterointerface engineering polymer-based structure design
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu, Shan , Zhou, Dengfeng , Huang, Fang et al. Heterointerface engineering of polymer-based electromagnetic wave absorbing materials [J]. | SOFT SCIENCE , 2025 , 5 (1) . |
| MLA | Liu, Shan et al. "Heterointerface engineering of polymer-based electromagnetic wave absorbing materials" . | SOFT SCIENCE 5 . 1 (2025) . |
| APA | Liu, Shan , Zhou, Dengfeng , Huang, Fang , He, Min , Qin, Shuhao , Shi, Yongqian et al. Heterointerface engineering of polymer-based electromagnetic wave absorbing materials . | SOFT SCIENCE , 2025 , 5 (1) . |
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In karst regions, groundwater flows through complex conduits and fractures, resulting in substantial variations in flow velocity and temperature, which impact the efficiency of ground heat exchangers (GHEs). In this study, numerous model experiments were carried out to examine the temperature distribution of the stratum surrounding GHEs under karst groundwater seepage conditions. A 3D numerical model and experimental platform were developed to simulate the interaction between seepage and GHE thermal dynamics under varying seepage velocity, seepage temperature and operating modes. Model experiment results show that increasing seepage velocity significantly enhances heat transfer efficiency and mitigates thermal accumulation. The influence of karst groundwater seepage results in significantly less temperature fluctuation upstream compared to downstream. As seepage velocity increases from 3.59 x 10-6 m/s to 1.08 x 10-5 m/s, the temperature differential between upstream and downstream regions rises by 73 %, while the heat transfer efficiency of U-shaped pipes improves by 36.7 %. Variations in seepage temperature also play a pivotal role, with heat exchange efficiency increasing by 51.3 % as seepage temperature rises from 58.2 degrees C to 94.3 degrees C. The heat exchange capacity of GHEs and the temperature difference between downstream and upstream increase with the rising temperature of karst subsurface water seepage. The core impact of seepage temperature lies in how groundwater seepage initially alters the temperature field of the strata around the GHE, ultimately influencing the efficiency of heat exchange between the soil and the buried pipe. This research provides new insights for optimizing GHE systems and ensuring their long-term stability and energy efficiency in karst region.
Keyword ：
Buried pipe Energy storage systems Groundwater infiltration Model experimental Numerical analysis
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Yunshan , Tao, Jiangtao , Xiao, Zilong . Impact of karst groundwater seepage on heat transfer efficiency of geothermal heat exchangers [J]. | ENERGY AND BUILDINGS , 2025 , 328 . |
| MLA | Xu, Yunshan et al. "Impact of karst groundwater seepage on heat transfer efficiency of geothermal heat exchangers" . | ENERGY AND BUILDINGS 328 (2025) . |
| APA | Xu, Yunshan , Tao, Jiangtao , Xiao, Zilong . Impact of karst groundwater seepage on heat transfer efficiency of geothermal heat exchangers . | ENERGY AND BUILDINGS , 2025 , 328 . |
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Background: The gut microbiota significantly contributes to the pathogenesis of central nervous system disorders. Among the bioactive molecules produced by the gut microbiota, 3-indoleacetic acid (IAA) has been shown to attenuate oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. This experiment aimed to determine the impacts of IAA on sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) and the underlying mechanisms. Methods: A total of 34 septic patients and 24 healthy controls were included in the analysis of the clinical correlation between fecal IAA and septic encephalopathy. Fecal microbiota transplantation was used to verify the role of the gut microbiota and its metabolites in SAE. Male C57BL/6 mice aged six to eight weeks, pre-treated with IAA via oral gavage, were subjected to the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) procedures. This treatment was administered either in combination with an aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) antagonist, CH223191, or a CSF1R inhibitor, PLX3397, to eliminate microglia. Both immunofluorescence staining and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were used to evaluate microglia activation and inflammatory cytokine secretion. Behavioral assessments were conducted to quantify neurological deficits. Results: A decreased fecal level of IAA was observed in the patients with sepsis-associated delirium (SAD), a manifestation of SAE. A reduced IAA level was significantly associated with worsen clinical outcomes. Fecal microbiota transplantation from the SAD patients induced an SAE-like phenotype in mice, but supplementing exogenous IAA improved the SAE-like phenotype, mediated by microglia. IAA effectively binded with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). Furthermore, IAA increased the nuclear activity of AhR in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated microglial cells, leading to reduced secretion of inflammatory cytokines. The AhR inhibitor CH223191 counteracted the protective effect of IAA against SAE in mice. Conclusions: Gut microbiota-derived IAA confers a protection against SAE by activating AhR in microglia, improving neuronal and cognitive impairments. Thus, IAA holds the promise as a potential therapeutic agent for managing SAE. © 2024
Keyword ：
3-indoleacetic acid Aryl hydrocarbon receptor Gut microbiota Microglia sepsis-associated encephalopathy
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| GB/T 7714 | Huang, Z.-B. , Zhang, G.-P. , Lu, C.-X. et al. Gut microbiota-derived 3-indoleacetic acid confers a protection against sepsis-associated encephalopathy through microglial aryl hydrocarbon receptors [J]. | Experimental Neurology , 2025 , 384 . |
| MLA | Huang, Z.-B. et al. "Gut microbiota-derived 3-indoleacetic acid confers a protection against sepsis-associated encephalopathy through microglial aryl hydrocarbon receptors" . | Experimental Neurology 384 (2025) . |
| APA | Huang, Z.-B. , Zhang, G.-P. , Lu, C.-X. , Gong, C. , Gao, X. , Lin, Y. et al. Gut microbiota-derived 3-indoleacetic acid confers a protection against sepsis-associated encephalopathy through microglial aryl hydrocarbon receptors . | Experimental Neurology , 2025 , 384 . |
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Background Due to limited data on managing immunotherapy-induced secondary adrenal insufficiency (SAI) in melanoma survivors, this study investigated its management strategies and outcomes. Methods This retrospective cohort study analyzed melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) with SAI (Mel_SAI, n = 161), without SAI (Mel_CON, n = 168), and patients with pituitary adenoma-related SAI (Pit_SAI, n = 106) at our institution from January 2013 to November 2023. We compared glucocorticoid management patterns, quality of life using distress scores, and the impact of different glucocorticoid types on survival outcomes using Kaplan-Meier analysis. Findings Mel_SAI received significantly higher initial (median: 30 mg; IQR: 20-30 mg) and maintenance (median: 25 mg; IQR: 20-30 mg) hydrocortisone doses than Pit_SAI (initial: 20 mg; IQR: 15-30 mg; maintenance: 15 mg; IQR: 15-23 mg). Over half of Mel_SAI received prednisone as initial glucocorticoid replacement (n = 89, 55%), compared to 27% (n = 29) of Pit_SAI. Distress scores were significantly higher in Mel_SAI (median: 3; IQR: 2-5) than in Pit_SAI (median: 2; IQR: 1-3), but similar between Mel_CON. Prednisone use was associated with decreased survival in Mel_SAI (hazard ratio: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.14-4.46). Interpretation Higher glucocorticoid doses and prednisone use in melanoma patients with SAI may be due to higher distress scores rather than SAI itself. Given the negative impact on survival and potential side effects, we recommend hydrocortisone at standard doses as the preferred glucocorticoid replacement in melanoma patients with SAI.
Keyword ：
Cancer immunotherapy Glucocorticoid replacement Melanoma Patient distress Secondary adrenal insufficiency
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| GB/T 7714 | Lin, Wei , Wang, Wei , Hodi, F. Stephen et al. Gaps in the management of adrenal insufficiency in melanoma survivors: a retrospective cohort study [J]. | ECLINICALMEDICINE , 2025 , 79 . |
| MLA | Lin, Wei et al. "Gaps in the management of adrenal insufficiency in melanoma survivors: a retrospective cohort study" . | ECLINICALMEDICINE 79 (2025) . |
| APA | Lin, Wei , Wang, Wei , Hodi, F. Stephen , Min, Le . Gaps in the management of adrenal insufficiency in melanoma survivors: a retrospective cohort study . | ECLINICALMEDICINE , 2025 , 79 . |
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As Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology advances rapidly, its role in promoting regional energy transformation is becoming increasingly apparent. This paper utilizes regional-level panel data from China, covering the period from 2011 to 2021, to systematically assess the impact of AI development on energy transformation. Using econometric models, including fixed-effects and instrumental variable regressions, the study reveals that an increase in AI enterprises within a region significantly reduces energy consumption per unit of GDP, thereby accelerating regional energy transition. The analysis identifies two primary channels through which AI exerts this effect: by facilitating the upgrading of the regional industrial structure and by promoting the growth of the digital economy. The findings also show that the impact of AI is more pronounced in highly urbanized regions, particularly in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Additionally, the results highlight that AI-driven reductions in energy consumption are largely achieved through improved efficiency in coal and electricity usage, addressing key structural issues in China's energy landscape.
Keyword ：
Artificial Intelligence Digital economy Energy consumption Regional disparity Structural change
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhao, Zuoxiang , Zhao, Qiuyun , Li, Siqi et al. Artificial Intelligence-driven regional energy transition:Evidence from China [J]. | ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND POLICY , 2025 , 85 : 48-60 . |
| MLA | Zhao, Zuoxiang et al. "Artificial Intelligence-driven regional energy transition:Evidence from China" . | ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND POLICY 85 (2025) : 48-60 . |
| APA | Zhao, Zuoxiang , Zhao, Qiuyun , Li, Siqi , Yan, Jiajia . Artificial Intelligence-driven regional energy transition:Evidence from China . | ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AND POLICY , 2025 , 85 , 48-60 . |
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