Cells　in　the　same　tissue　often　have　similar　structures　and　functions.　However,　it　is　found　that　each　cell　is　heterogeneous　by　sequencing　cells.　Single-cell　whole-genome　amplification　technology　is　the　premise　of　single-　cell　sequencing.　This　technology　can　be　used　to　reveal　the　differences　of　sirigle-cell　genomic　structures　andirdlso　plays　an　important　role　in　tumor　research,　developmental　biology,　and　microbial　research,　and　it　has　already　become　one　of　hotspots　in　life　science　research　technology.　The　difficulty　of　single-cell　whole　genome　amplification　techniques　lies　in　the　isolation　of　single　cells　and　the　amplification　of　whole　genomes.　This　paper　introduces　the　popular　single-cell　separation　technology　and　single-cell　whole　genome　amplification　technology　and　also　compares　the　advantages　and　disadvantages　of　each　technology.　The　application　of　the　technology　in　tumor　research,　developmental　biology　and　microbiology　research　was　also　emphatically　discussed.