This　paper　presents　a　new　approach　based　on　the　particle　swarm　optimization　(PSO)　algorithm　for　solving　the　drilling　path　optimization　problem　belonging　to　discrete　space.　Because　the　standard　PSO　algorithm　is　not　guaranteed　to　be　global　convergence　or　local　convergence　I　based　on　the　mathematical　algorithm　model,　the　algorithm　is　improved　by　adopting　the　method　of　generate　the　stop　evolution　particle　over　again　to　get　the　ability　of　convergence　to　the　global　optimization　solution.　And　the　operators　are　improved　by　establishing　the　duality　transposition　method　and　the　handle　manner　for　the　elements　of　the　operator,　the　improved　operator　can　satisfy　the　need　of　integer　coding　in　drilling　path　optimization.　The　experiment　with　small　node　numbers　indicates　that　the　improved　algorithm　has　the　characteristics　of　easy　realize,　fast　convergence　speed,　and　better　global　convergence　characteristics,　hence　the　new　PSO　can　play　a　role　in　solving　the　problem　of　drilling　path　optimization　in　drilling　holes.