Combining　synthetic　polymer　scaffolds　with　inorganic　bioactive　factors　is　widely　used　to　promote　the　bioactivity　and　bone　conductivity　of　bone　tissue.　However,　except　for　the　chemical　composition　of　scaffold,　the　biomimetic　structure　also　plays　an　important　role　in　its　application.　In　this　study,　we　report　the　fabrication　of　polylactic　acid/hydroxyapatite　(PLA/HA)　composite　nanofibrous　scaffolds　via　phase　separation　method　to　mimic　the　native　extracellular　matrix　(ECM).　The　SEM　analysis　showed　that　the　addition　of　HA　dramatically　impacted　the　morphology　of　the　PLA　matrix,　which　changed　from　3D　nanofibrous　network　structure　to　a　disorderly　micro-nanofibrous　porous　structure.　At　the　same　time,　HA　particles　could　be　evenly　dispersed　at　the　end　of　the　fiber.　The　FTIR　and　XRD　demonstrated　that　there　was　not　any　chemical　interaction　between　PLA　and　HA.　Thermal　analyses　showed　that　HA　could　decrease　the　crystallization　of　PLA,　but　improve　the　thermal　decomposition　temperature　of　the　composite　scaffold.　Moreover,　water　contact　angle　analysis　of　the　PLA/HA　composite　scaffold　demonstrated　that　the　hydrophilicity　increased　with　the　addition　of　HA.　Furthermore,　apatite-formation　ability　tests　confirmed　that　HA　could　not　only　more　and　faster　induced　the　deposition　of　weak　hydroxyapatite　but　also　induced　specific　morphology　of　HA.　[Figure　not　available:　see　fulltext.]　©　2020,　Springer　Science+Business　Media,　LLC,　part　of　Springer　Nature.