Due　to　the　unique　features　including　well-defined　void　space　and　high　surface-to-volume　ratio,　non-noble　metal　catalysts　with　hollow　structures　have　received　intensive　researches　in　dye-sensitized　solar　cells　(DSSCs)　and　electrochemical　water　splitting.　Herein,　we　prepare　a　series　of　cobalt-incorporated　molybdenum　sulfide　hollow　nanoboxes　(denoted　as　Co-MoSx　NBs)　via　a　one-step　fleet　template　conversion　from　cube-shaped　Co-based　zeolitic　imidazolate　framework-67　which　precipitated　without　prolonged　aged　process.　During　above　transformation,　it　is　notable　that　the　surface　morphologies　of　nanobox　can　be　effectively　tailored　by　the　proportion　of　MoS42−.　The　as-obtained　Co-MoSx　NBs　with　well-defined　boxed　structure　and　the　appropriate　doped　ratio　are　developed　as　bifunctional　catalysts　for　accelerating　both　reduction　of　I3−　in　DSSCs　and　hydrogen　evolution　reaction　(HER).　As　expected,　a　high　power　conversion　efficiency　(9.64%)　is　achieved　by　Co-MoSx-1/3　NBs　based　DSSC　under　AM　1.5G　irradiation,　which　is　much　preceded　to　that　of　Pt　(8.39%).　Meanwhile,　the　practical　utilization　of　Co-MoSx-1/3　NBs　for　HER　yields　a　low　onset　overpotential　(35　mV)　and　a　small　Tafel　slope　(61.4　mV　decade−1)　in　alkaline　medium.　©　2018　Elsevier　Ltd