The　fast　urban　spatial　expansion　has　led　to　the　considerable　substitution　of　natural　vegetation-dominated　land　surfaces　by　impervious　surface.　Understanding　of　the　role　of　impervious　surface　changes　to　urban　thermal　environments　is　of　importance　for　mitigating　severe　urban　heat　island　effect　in　cities　of　the　world.　Taking　Fuzhou　city　in　southeastern　China　as　a　case,　this　study　examined　the　quantitative　relationship　of　impervious　surface　with　land　surface　temperature　(LST).Two　Landsat　images　of　1989　and　2014　were　used　to　extract　the　information　of　impervious　surface,　vegetation　and　water　and　to　retrieve　LST　from　the　images.　The　result　shows　that　the　impervious　surface　in　Fuzhou＇s　urban　area　has　significantly　increased　by　161%　during　the　study　period,　which　was　54.29km2　in　1989　but　remarkably　increased　to　141.45km2　in　2014.The　regression　analysis　results　showed　a　strong　positive　exponential　relationship　existing　between　the　percent　impervious　surface　and　LST.　This　suggests　that　the　areas　with　high　impervious　surface　percentage　will　accelerate　the　raise　of　the　LST　much　faster　than　the　areas　with　low　impervious　surface　percentage.　Each　decrement　of　10%　impervious　surface　cover　with　additional　10%　green　or　water　space　could　lower　LST　by　up　to　4.15　or　5.25,　respectively.　According　to　this　regression　analysis,　the　increase　of　impervious　surface　area　and　the　decrease　of　vegetation　and　water　coverage　in　Fuzhou　urban　area　during　the　25-study　years　have　made　a　substantial　LST　rise　by　16.54　in　the　area　from　1989　to　2014.　©　2018,　The　Editorial　Board　of　Journal　of　Basic　Science　and　Engineering.　All　right　reserved.