The　molecular　detection　method　of　qPCR　combined　with　PMA　is　an　effective　method　for　the　detection　of　active　microorganisms.　This　study　aimed　to　develop　PMA-qPCR　method　for　the　six　dominant　bacteria　(including　Staphylococcus　pasteuri,　Leuconostoc　mesenteroides,　Pediococcus　pentosaceus,　Lactococcus　lactis　subsp.　lactis,　Lactobacillus　plantarum　and　Lactobacillus　casei)　during　the　traditional　brewing　of　Hong　Qu　glutinous　rice　wine.　Firstly,　specific　primers　were　designed　and　synthesized　for　real-time　quantitative　PCR　analysis,　and　PMA　treatment　conditions　were　further　optimized.　Then,　the　PMA-qPCR　method　for　the　quantitative　detection　of　six　dominant　bacteria　was　constructed　through　the　construction　of　standard　curves.　The　results　showed　that　the　six　designed　and　synthesized　specific　primers　were　effective　and　feasible;　the　optimal　PMA　treatment　condition　was　PMA　concentration　50　μmol/L　and　cross　linking　exposure　time　5　min.　The　constructed　PMA-qPCR　assay　for　the　live　bacteria　was　applied　to　the　traditional　brewing　process　of　Hong　Qu　glutinous　rice　wine.　Pediococcus　pentosaceus,　Leuconostoc　mesenteroides　and　Lactococcus　lactis　subsp.　lactis　were　determined　to　be　the　three　dominant　bacteria　during　traditional　brewing　system.　The　constructed　PMA-qPCR　assay　for　viable　bacteria　could　be　used　to　detect　the　dominant　bacteria　and　their　dynamic　changes　timely　and　quantitatively　during　the　traditional　brewing　of　Hong　Qu　glutinous　rice　wine,　which　is　helpful　to　elucidate　the　mechanism　of　action　of　different　bacteria　during　the　traditional　brewing　process　of　Hong　Qu　glutinous　rice　wine.　©　2018,　Editorial　Office　of　Journal　of　CIFST.　All　right　reserved.