A　new　type　of　optical　probes,　featuring　surface　enhanced　Raman　scattering　(SERS)　and　fluorescence　spectra　dual-mode　encoding,　has　been　reported　in　this　article.　Based　on　the　uniform　micrometer-sized　melamine　resin/Ag　nanoparticles　(MRM/Ag-NPs)　composite　microspheres,　the　SERS　reporters　and　fluorescent　probes　were　successfully　fixed　onto　the　different　layers　of　the　MEM/Ag-NPs　microspheres,　which　supported　the　sensitive　DNA　detecton.　The　two　spectroscopic　methods　commonly　considered　to　be　contradictive　to　each　other,　yet　the　optical　signals　were　separable　in　the　experiments.　The　dual-encoding　strategy　and　single　microsphere　detecton　method　put　the　number　of　available　independent　codes　to　be　rough　the　multiple　of　those　available　in　the　two　optical　detection　channels,　which　increases　far　more　rapidly　than　the　summation　of　the　two　channels.　As　a　proof　of　cencept,　the　utility　of　this　dual　spectrum　mode　SERS-fluoresecence　encoded　microsphere　(SFEM)　was　demonstrated　in　a　specific　DNA　detection　using　complimentary　ssDNA　functionalized　magnetic　beads　as　the　DNA　capturing　and　separation　agents.　Excellent　encoding　results　were　demonstrated　from　the　decoding　of　the　SERS　and　fluorescence　signals　of　the　SFEM.　The　method　appears　to　be　general　in　scope　and　we　expect　that　the　SERS-fluoresecence　encoded　microspheres　system　is　applicable　to　multiplex　bioassays　of　a　variety　of　biomolecules.　©　2016　Elsevier　Inc.