The　effects　of　the　modification　of　rare　earth　solution　(RES)　with　different　concentration　in　different　processing　time　on　mechanical　and　tribological　properties　of　bamboo　fiber　reinforced　resin　matrix　brake　materials　were　investigated.　The　results　show　that　the　RES　modification　of　bamboo　fiber　can　not　only　improve　the　interfacial　bonding　property　between　the　bamboo　fiber　and　resin　matrix,　but　also　improve　the　heat　resistance　of　the　bamboo　fiber.　The　heat　resistance　of　the　bamboo　fiber　after　RES　modification　is　twice　as　high　as　that　of　the　untreated　bamboo　fiber,　the　degree　of　carbonization　of　the　bamboo　fiber　at　high　temperature　can　be　greatly　reduced,　and　the　friction　properties　of　the　brake　materials　can　be　improved　at　high　temperature.　The　mechanical　and　friction　properties　of　the　RES　modified　bamboo　fiber　reinforced　composites　are　both　enhanced.　When　the　RES　concentration　is　20%　and　modification　time　is　30　min,　the　tribological　properties　of　the　bamboo　fiber　reinforced　brake　materials　are　optimal,　and　the　friction　coefficient　at　different　temperatures　is　between　0.40　and　0.50.　©　2018,　Editorial　Office　of　Transactions　of　Materials　and　Heat　Treatment.　All　right　reserved.