To　understand　the　adaptation　mechanism　of　Machilus　pauhoi　seedlings　to　environmental　changes,　leaf　functional　traits　of　M.　pauhoi　seedlings　from　nine　provenances,　as　well　as　relationships　between　leaf　traits　and　environmental　factors　were　analyzed.　The　results　showed　that　leaf　functional　traits　of　M.　pauhoi　seedlings　from　different　provenances　showed　significant　intraspecific　variations,　with　the　coefficient　of　variation　ranging　from　8.8%　to　28.2%.　Specific　leaf　area,　leaf　relative　water　content,　leaf　tissue　density　and　leaf　thickness　differed　significantly　among　seedlings　from　different　provenances,　implying　high　leaf　morphological　plasticity.　Moreover,　leaf　tissue　density　was　positively　correlated　to　leaf　dry　matter　content　and　leaf　relative　water　content,　but　negatively　correlated　to　specific　leaf　area　and　leaf　thickness.　Specific　leaf　area　showed　significantly　negative　correlations　with　leaf　dry　matter　content　and　leaf　area.　The　covariation　among　those　traits　examined　here　indicated　that　M.　pauhoi　seedlings　could　adjust　and　balance　the　combination　of　leaf　traits　in　response　to　environmental　changes.　Longitude,　latitude,　＞10℃　annual　accumulated　temperature　and　mean　annual　temperature　contributed　largely　to　the　variation　of　leaf　functional　traits　of　M.　pauhoi　seedlings.　Leaf　thickness　decreased　with　the　increase　of　longitude,　while　leaf　dry　matter　content　and　leaf　relative　water　content　increased　with　the　increase　of　longitude.　Leaf　tissue　density　was　positively　correlated　with　longitude　and　mean　annual　temperature,　suggesting　that　longitude　rather　than　mean　annual　temperature　had　greater　effects　on　it.　Leaf　area　was　positively　correlated　with　＞10℃　annual　accumulated　temperature　and　longitude,　indicating　that　annual　accumulated　temperature　rather　than　longitude　had　greater　effects　on　the　variation　of　leaf　area.　©　2018,　Science　Press.　All　right　reserved.