China　is　the　largest　consumer　of　water　resources　in　the　world,　the　total　consumption　of　water　resources　is　still　increasing　year　by　year.　What　are　the　main　reasons　for　rising　water　resource　consumption?　This　paper　constructs　China＇s　spatio-temporal　LMDI　(the　Logarithmic　Mean　Divisia　Index)　model　to　decompose　water　resources　consumption　into　twelve　driving　factors　with　panel　data　from　2000　to　2015　and　explores　the　main　factors　driving　the　rising　water　resource　consumption.　The　results　are　summarized　as　following:　(1)　The　intensity　effect　is　the　most　important　driving　factor　decreasing　water　resources　consumption;　(2)　The　loss　of　farmers　reduces　the　water　resources　consumption　in　the　agricultural　sector,　and　the　increase　of　urban　population　drives　the　rising　water　resource　consumption　in　the　residential　sector;　(3)　The　effect　of　industrial　structure　is　different　depending　on　regions;　(4)　In　the　agricultural　sector,　the　driving　factors　have　their　own　characteristics　in　each　region.　©　2019　Elsevier　B.V.