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author:

Chen, W.K. (Chen, W.K..) [1] | Wei, Z.L. (Wei, Z.L..) [2] | Gao, Y.M. (Gao, Y.M..) [3] | Vasic, Z.L. (Vasic, Z.L..) [4] | Cifrek, M. (Cifrek, M..) [5] | Vai, M.I. (Vai, M.I..) [6] | Du, M. (Du, M..) [7] | Pun, S.H. (Pun, S.H..) [8]

Indexed by:

Scopus

Abstract:

Intra-body communication (IBC) uses the human body as the transmission medium for electrical signals, and it features the following advantages: low power consumption, strong anti-interference ability, high data security, and broad application scenarios. However, some technical issues still need to be addresses, such as the choice of the best modulation and demodulation scheme in different application scenarios, influence of human activity on IBC performance, variable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and influence of transmission distance change on different modulation and demodulation methods. This paper adopts direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) communication and phase modulation to realize DSSS-differential phase shift keying (DPSK) and DPSK modulation transmission of baseband data. Moreover, the Costas loop method is employed to achieve reliable symbol recovery. Under the same conditions, in vivo experiments were conducted to compare the performance of DSSS-DPSK and DPSK galvanic coupling IBC transceivers. Notably, these transceivers are affected by the changes in SNR, transmission distance, and human activities. Results show that the bit error rate (BER) of the DPSK scheme is 40 times larger than the DSSS-DPSK scheme in a 30 cm channel length and different SNR experiments. When the BER performance changes from extremely poor (1.40× 10-1) to excellent (1.51×10-6), the SNR of DSSS-DPSK scheme only needs to be improved by 16 dB. In contrast, when the BER performance changes from extremely poor (1.54× 10-1) to good (1.65× 10-5), the SNR of DPSK scheme needs to be improved by 25 dB. With a SNR of -5 dB, the BER ratios of the DPSK scheme is 7 times larger than the DSSS-DPSK scheme. Also, DSSS-DPSK scheme is more sensitive to changes in motion status than DPSK. © 2013 IEEE.

Keyword:

bit error rate; direct sequence spread spectrum (DSSS); galvanic coupling; IBC transceiver; Intra-body communication

Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Chen, W.K.]College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
  • [ 2 ] [Chen, W.K.]Key Laboratory of Medical Instrumentation and Pharmaceutical Technology of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, 350116, China
  • [ 3 ] [Wei, Z.L.]College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
  • [ 4 ] [Wei, Z.L.]Key Laboratory of Medical Instrumentation and Pharmaceutical Technology of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, 350116, China
  • [ 5 ] [Gao, Y.M.]College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
  • [ 6 ] [Gao, Y.M.]Key Laboratory of Medical Instrumentation and Pharmaceutical Technology of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, 350116, China
  • [ 7 ] [Vasic, Z.L.]Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
  • [ 8 ] [Cifrek, M.]Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 10000, Croatia
  • [ 9 ] [Vai, M.I.]Key Laboratory of Medical Instrumentation and Pharmaceutical Technology of Fujian Province, Fuzhou, 350116, China
  • [ 10 ] [Vai, M.I.]Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Macau999078, Macau
  • [ 11 ] [Vai, M.I.]State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau999078, Macau
  • [ 12 ] [Du, M.]College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China
  • [ 13 ] [Du, M.]Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology of Fujian Province, Wuyi University, Nanping, 354300, China
  • [ 14 ] [Pun, S.H.]State Key Laboratory of Analog and Mixed-Signal VLSI, University of Macau999078, Macau

Reprint 's Address:

  • [Gao, Y.M.]College of Physics and Information Engineering, Fuzhou UniversityChina

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Source :

IEEE Access

ISSN: 2169-3536

Year: 2020

Volume: 8

Page: 84123-84133

3 . 3 6 7

JCR@2020

3 . 4 0 0

JCR@2023

ESI HC Threshold:132

JCR Journal Grade:2

CAS Journal Grade:2

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count:

SCOPUS Cited Count: 20

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 0

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