This　study　presents　the　structural　health　monitoring　system　of　an　I-shaped　steel-concrete　composite　girder　bridge　during　construction　and　vehicle　load　tests.　Strains　and　deflections　were　monitored.　A　finite　element　model　was　built　and　calibrated.　Vehicle　load　tests　were　carried　out　for　various　load　conditions.　Measured　results　show　that　the　strains　in　the　concrete　slab　and　steel　beams　changed　rapidly　in　the　first　15　days　and　stabilized.　The　composite　girder　was　in　an　elastic　working　state　under　the　vehicle　load　tests.　This　research　provides　guidance　for　the　construction　control　and　safety　evaluation　of　similar　I-shaped　steel-concrete　composite　bridges　in　the　future.　©　2020　Taylor　&　Francis　Group,　LLC.