In　pursuit　of　a　one-dimensional　(1D)　porous　carbon　framework　to　restrain　selenium　for　advanced　lithium-selenium　batteries,　the　Se-hierarchical　porous　carbon　fiber　composite　(Se-HPCF)　is　synthesized　via　a　liquid-solution　route　followed　by　calcination　treatment.　The　unique　architecture　of　the　HPCF,　which　exhibits　a　large　surface　area　and　high　pore　volume,　is　fabricated　using　sodium　lignosulfonate　(LN)　as　a　green　pore-forming　agent　via　electrospinning.　As　a　cathode　material　for　Li-Se　batteries,　the　Se-HPCF　composite　exhibits　superior　electrochemical　performance.　A　reversible　capacity　of　533　mA　h　g-1　is　maintained　at　a　rate　of　0.2C　after　50　cycles.　In　addition,　the　Se-HPCF　composite　delivers　high　rate　performance　with　a　high　specific　capacity　of　351　mA　h　g-1　at　5C.　The　enhanced　capacity　retention　and　rate　performance　of　Se-HPCF　is　generated　by　the　1D　structure　characteristics,　and　the　liquid　phase　melting　diffusion　method　could　be　applied　to　produce　other　related　materials.　This　journal　is　©　The　Royal　Society　of　Chemistry.