Fabrication　of　a　multifunctional　near-infrared　(NIR)　theranostic　nanoplatform　has　attracted　increasing　attention.　Indocyanine　green　(ICG),　a　clinic-approved　NIR　fluorescence-imaging　agent,　is　an　excellent　photothermal　agent　candidate.　However,　the　stability　and　tumor　targeting　are　still　great　obstacles　for　its　wide　application.　In　this　work,　C-phycocyanin　(CPC)　as　a　tumor-associated　macrophages　(TAMs)　targeted　vehicle　was　used　to　fabricate　noncovalent　ICG　conjugate　of　CPC　(ICG@CPC)　via　self-assembly　in　aqueous　media.　Compared　to　free　ICG,　ICG@CPC　displays　improved　stabilities　in　aqueous　solutions　and　under　light　irradiation　and　threefold　increase　in　photothermal　conversion　efficiency.　The　in　vitro　results　indicated　that　ICG@CPC　could　be　selectively　internalized　into　J774A.1　cells　via　SR-A-mediated　endocytosis　and　lead　to　enhanced　photocytotoxicity　against　J774A.1　cells.　In　vivo　results　showed　that　ICG@CPC　had　significantly　improved　drug　accumulation　in　the　tumor　and　photothermal　therapeutic　efficacy　relative　to　ICG　alone.　This　study　for　the　first　time　utilizes　CPC　as　a　TAMs-targeted　nanocarrier　for　ICG　and　may　promote　further　rational　design　of　ICG-based　photothermal　nanodrugs　for　precise　and　efficient　cancer　theranosis.　Copyright　©　2020　American　Chemical　Society.