Carbon/silica　nanocomposite　films　with　a　hexagonal　P6mm　structure　were　fabricated　directly　by　the　oxidation　and　carbonization　of　surfactant/silica　nanocomposite　films,　which　were　obtained　by　a　dip-coating　technique　through　a　combination　of　sol-gel　and　evaporation-induced　self-assembly.　The　as-synthesized　nanocomposite　films　were　characterized　by　scanning　electron　microscopy,　X-ray　diffraction,　transmission　electron　microscopy　and　N2　adsorption-desorption.　These　analyses　reveal　that　the　carbon/silica　nanocomposite　films,　with　a　narrow　pore　size　distribution　of　mesopores,　have　an　ordered　symmetric　structure.　The　pore　sizes　of　this　hybrid　film　can　be　controlled　within　a　certain　range　by　changing　the　carbonization　temperature.　In　addition,　the　films　are　composed　of　a　continuous　silica　matrix　and　a　continuous　carbon　coating　in　about　1　nm　adhered　well　to　the　silica　matrix.　The　formation　of　carbon　coatings　from　surfactant　acts　as　a　framework　support　to　prevent　the　pore　size　of　the　silica　matrix　from　shrinking.　Copyright　©　2008　The　Berkeley　Electronic　Press.　All　rights　reserved.