Hierarchical　metals　oxide　nanostructure　derived　from　annealing　of　metal-organic　frameworks　(MOFs)　usually　have　large　particle　size　and　low　specific　surface　area　and,　as　a　result　their　activities,　become　limited.　In　this　work,　we　incorporated　KMnO4　into　Prussian　blue　(PB)　microcubes　and　obtained　Mn-doped　α-Fe2O3　nanoboxes　by　annealing　the　complex.　We　found　that　KMnO4　stayed　inside　the　pores　of　the　PB　framework　and　restricted　the　crystal　growth　of　α-Fe2O3　during　annealing.　Consequently,　the　Mn-doped　Fe2O3　nanoboxes　have　small　particle　size,　large　specific　area　(452　m2/g),　and　a　significant　amount　of　adsorbed　oxygen　in　the　form　of　OH-on　the　surface　as　determined　by　X-ray　photoelectron　spectroscopy.　It　could　serve　as　an　adsorbent　to　quickly　remove　the　trace-level　(40　mg/L)　Pb2+　from　water.　Within　1　min,　this　nanoadsorbent　(0.2　g/L)　extracted　>70%　Pb2+　in　the　solution,　and　>91.6%　in　15　min.　Besides,　it　also　selectively　captures　Pb2+　(40　mg/L)　from　a　synthetic　Pb/Zn　mining　wastewater　containing　Zn2+　(40　mg/L)　and　various　kinds　of　interfering　ions　(Na+,　K+,　Mg2+,　Ca2+,　SO42-,　NO3-,　Cl-).　The　maximizing　capacity　of　Pb2+　reaches　to　900　mg/g　when　treating　concentrated　Pb2+　solution　(1g/L).　The　spent　adsorbent　could　be　easily　retrieved　from　the　solution　by　magnetic　separation.　We　anticipate　the　findings　here　will　help　to　inspire　the　design　of　other　novel　MOFs-derived　nanomaterials.　©　2016　American　Chemical　Society.