Citreoviridin,　a　mycotoxin　produced　by　Penicillium　citreonigrum　is　a　common　contaminant　of　wide　range　of　agri-products　and　detrimental　to　human　and　animal　health.　Therefore　it　is　important　to　develop　a　rapid,　sensitive,　and　specific　immunoassay　for　citreoviridin　detection.　In　this　study,　polyclonal　antibody　against　citreoviridin　was　developed.　For　the　preparation　of　citreoviridin-bovine　serum　albumin　conjugate　(CIT-BSA),　hydroxyl　groups　on　adjacent　carbon　atoms　were　oxidized　by　sodium　periodate,　so　the　product　with　reactive　aldehyde　residues　was　suitable　for　coupling　with　amine.　Anti-citreoviridin　polyclonal　antibody　was　prepared　by　immunizing　mice　with　CIT-BSA　conjugate.　The　specificity　and　sensitivity　of　the　polyclonal　antibody　was　determined　by　indirect　competitive　ELISA.　Results　showed　that　the　IC50　value　of　the　polyclonal　antibody　was　0.56　μg/mL　and　no　cross-reactivity　was　found　between　antiserum　and　other　mycotoxins　used　in　the　experiment.　The　citreoviridin　recovery　rates　by　this　polyclonal　antibody　were　calculated　through　rice　powder　spiked　by　artificial　citreoviridin.　The　recovery　rates　ranged　were　found　from　70.5　±　0.08　%　to　94.7　±　0.09　%　for　inter-assay,　and　from　77.5　±　0.04　%　to　95.4　±　0.18　%　for　intra-assay,　which　indicated　that　this　polyclonal　antibody　could　detect　trace　amount　of　CIT　from　the　tested　samples.　Consequently,　this　study　provided　a　specific　and　sensitive　anti-citreoviridin　polyclonal　antibody,　which　made　the　determination　of　citreoviridin　easier,　quicker,　and　more　accurate.　©　2013　Springer　Science+Business　Media　Dordrecht.