The　main　advances　of　process　mineralogy　in　China　in　the　last　decade　occur　in　the　following　areas.　(1)　Process　mineralogy　has　been　applied　to　study　mineral　process　and　metallurgy　which　helps　understand　mechanisms　of　microbial-mineral　extraction　and　controlling　factors　in　microbial　metallurgy,　and　such　establish　a　solid　foundation　for　new　applications　of　process　mineralogy　in　mineral　process　and　metallurgy.　(2)　New　analytical　technologies　have　greatly　advanced　process　mineralogy　from　qualitative　to　quantitative　analyses,　for　example,　Quantitative　Evaluation　of　Minerals　by　Scanning　Electronic　Microscope　(QEMSCAN)　and　Mineral　Liberation　Analyzer　(MLA)　have　been　developed　to　determine　mineral　compositions,　morphology,　particle　size,　textures　among　mineral　particles　and　trace　element　distribution　in　a　fast　and　precise　way.　This　lend　a　hand　to　probe　and　to　understand　microbial-mineral　interfacial　interactions　and　related　energy　conversion　at　a　molecular-level,　and　such　established　a　foundation　for　new　advances　of　metallurgical　process　mineralogy.　(3)　Process　mineralogy　together　with　mineral　crystal　chemistry,　mineral　physics　and　quantum　mineralogy　benefit　not　only　the　extraction　of　valuable　elements　during　mineral　processes　and　metallurgy　but　also　the　advance　of　new　mineral　materials　and　technological　applications.　In　summary,　the　future　advance　of　new　analytical　techniques　(e.　g.　,　synchrotron　radiation　spectroscopy　and　microanalysis)　will　be　more　extensively　used　in　investigations　of　minerals,　mineral-water　interfaces　and　mineral-microbial　interfaces　and　provide　better　understanding　in　process　mineralogy　as　well　as　in　environmental　mineralogy　and　molecular　environmental　geochemistry.