Aim:　To　know　the　personality　and　mental　health　of　the　poverty　college　students.　Methods:　2　400　students　of　grade　2002,　2003　and　2004　were　randomly　selected　from　Fuzhou.　University,　Fujian　Normal　University,　Fujian　Agriculture　and　Forestry　University,　Fujian　Traditional　Chinese　Medical　University　and　Minjiang　College　from　September　to　November　2005,　including　1478　schoolboys　and　922　schoolgirls　with　an　average　age　of　(20±1)　years.　According　to　the　prescript　of　the　Message　from　Fuzhou　City　Government　of　Improving　the　Lowest　Life　Guarantee　Standard　of　Residents　in　the　City,　Town　and　Country　issued　by　the　office　of　Fuzhou　Government　in　November　4th　2004,　210　Yuan　was　provided　for　each　one　in　many-persons　family　every　month　and　230　Yuan　for　single-person　family　in　the　town;　155　Yuan　was　provided　for　each　one　in　many-persons　family　every　month　and　175　Yuan　for　single-person　family　in　the　country.　Poverty　college　student　was　defined　in　the　paper　as　the　following:　Students　with　lower　average　family　member　month　income　and　some　debts,　who　could　only　afford　part　of　tuition　their　basic　cost　of　living　closed　to　the　lowest　life　guarantee　line　in　the　local　residents　(230　Yuan　was　taken　as　the　baseline)　were　considered　as　the　poverty　students.　SCL-90　and　16PF　were　adopted　to　study　the　mental　health　and　personality　of　poverty　college　students.　Results:　2　400　questionnaires　were　sent　out,　and　2　111　valid　ones　were　taken　back.　1　The　scores　of　somatization,　compulsion,　interpersonal　sensitivity,　depression,　anxiety,　hostility,　phobia,　paranoid,　schizophrenia　and　others　as　well　as　the　total　score　of　symptom　indexes　in　SCL-90　of　poverty　college　students　were　significantly　higher　than　those　of　non-poverty　college　students　[Poverty　college　students:　1.61±0.56,2.02±0.64,1.92±0.63,1.71±0.56,　1.65±0.58,1.73±0.68,1.57±0.62,1.81±0.65,　1.67±0.54,1.76±0.63,1.74±0.49;Non-poverty　college　students:　1.48±0.45,1.89±0.56,1.79±0.57,　1.61±0.51,1.54±0.50,1.61±0.56,1.44±0.49,　1.66±0.54,1.54±0.46,1.61±0.53,1.62±0.41,　P＜0.05,P＜0.01,P＜0.001).　There　was　no　significant　difference　in　factor　score　between　poverty　female　students　and　poverty　male　students　(P＞0.05).　2　The　examined　rate　of　psychological　problem　in　poverty　college　students　of　Fujian　Province　was　24.5%,　and　that　of　slight　psychological　problems　was　22.6%,　and　that　of　moderate　psychological　problems　was　1.7%,　and　that　of　severe　psychological　problems　was　0.2%.　Among　sub-　specific　factors,　the　psychological　problems　were　prominent　in　obsessive　-compulsive,　interpersonal　sensitivity,　paranoid,　depression,　hostility,　anxiety,　etc.　3　Compare　to　non-poverty　university　students,　the　scores　of　poverty　university　students　on　sociality,　intelligence,　excitability,　sensitivity,　suspicion　were　distinctly　lower,　while　the　marks　on　permanence,　anxiety,　independence　were　significantly　higher　(Poverty　college　students:　5.20±1.77,4.70±1.93,5.49±1.87,6.46±1.79,　4.29±1.　71,4.60±1.63,6.64±1.8　2,5.07±1.82;　Non-poverty　college　students:　5.39±1.74,4.95±1.99,　5.82±1.91,6.66±1.75,4.55±1.77,　4.36±1.69,6.43±1.94,4.89±1.77,P　＜　0.05,P＜　0.01,P　＜　0.001).　4　The　primary　personality　factors　that　influenced　the　mental　health　of　the　poverty　students　were　suspicion,　anxiety,　stability,　excitability,　self-　discipline.　Conclusion:　The　mental　health　of　poverty　college　students　in　Fujian　Province　is　worrying,　and　their　personality　has　an　important　influence　on　their　mental　health.