The　development　of　multimodal　molecular　imaging　contrast　agents　based　on　versatile　nanomaterials　has　recently　attracted　much　attention　in　disease　diagnosis　and　therapeutic　delivery.　Contrast　agents　made　from　nanoparticles　and　used　for　multimodal　imaging　in　vivo　provide　a　multidimensional　pathophysiological　overview　of　diseases.　This　review　summarizes　recently　developed　advanced　nanomaterials　for　multimodal　molecular　imaging.　We　comprehensively　discuss　these　nanoparticle　contrast　agents　in　terms　of　their　targeting　modalities,　limitations　in　clinical　translation　and　future　directions.