Titanium　oxide　(TO)-　and　functionalized　nanodiamond　(FND)-reinforced　carbon　foam　(CF)　composites　were　prepared　by　the　direct　pyrolysis　of　TO,　FND　and　a　mixture　of　mesophase　coal　tar　pitch.　The　effects　of　TO　and　FND　loadings　on　the　microstructure　and　functional　properties　of　the　CF　composites　were　studied.　The　obtained　microstructures　of　the　CF　composites　showed　that　both　nanofillers　have　an　influential　role　in　the　formation　of　porous　morphology　of　CF.　Moreover,　the　additive　aspects　of　TO　and　FND　were　further　studied　in　terms　of　mechanical,　thermal　and　electrical　properties.　The　results　revealed　that　compressive　strength　increased　up　to　20.21　MPa,　thermal　conductivity　was　as　high　as　32.33　W　m(-1)　K-1　at　elevated　temperature　and　electrical　conductivity　was　23.24　x　10(3)　S　m(-1).　The　results　show　that　FND　particles　are　well　appropriate　to　meliorate　the　fabrication　of　TO　nanoparticles　in　CF　to　build　up　a　solid　connection　between　the　nanoparticles　and　CF　for　the　improvement　of　the　mechanical,　thermal　and　electrical　properties　of　CF　composites.　(c)　2021　Society　of　Industrial　Chemistry.