Amounts　of　heat　and　toxic　fumes　are　released　during　the　combustion　of　polymeric　materials,　which　severely　threats　to　the　human　health　and　causes　the　environmental　pollution.　Therefore,　it　is　vital　to　find　an　effective　way　to　address　these　problems.　Herein,　titanium　carbide　(Ti3C2Tx)　and　chitosan　(CS)　were　firstly　adopted　to　functionalize　ammonium　polyphosphate　(APP)　via　the　microencapsulation　and　layer-by-layer　assembly.　Afterwards,　the　as-synthesized　core-shell-structured　hybrid　(APP@CS@Ti3C2Tx)　was　used　to　enhance　the　interface　compatibility,　thermal　stability　and　fire　safety　of　thermoplastic　polyurethane　(TPU)　composites.　The　results　demonstrated　that　the　APP@CS@Ti3C2Tx　hybrid　presented　a　strong　interface　interaction　with　the　TPU　matrix.　Besides,　TPU/APP@CS@Ti3C2Tx　composites　exhibited　the　improved　thermal　stability.　The　TPU　composite　containing　9.5APP@CS@0.5Ti3C2Tx　achieved　V-0　rating　in　the　UL-94　testing.　The　cone　calorimetry　results　illustrated　that　introduction　of　9.5APP@CS@0.5Ti3C2Tx　into　TPU　caused　remarkable　reduction　in　the　total　heat　release　(73.0%)　and　total　smoke　release　(77.3%).　Furthermore,　the　total　carbon　monoxide　yield　and　total　carbon　dioxide　yield　of　TPU/9.5APP@CS@0.5Ti3C2Tx　were　significantly　decreased　by　75.3%　and　75.3%,　respectively,　compared　to　those　of　pure　TPU.　The　synergistic　charring　effect　between　APP@CS　and　Ti3C2Tx,　the　thermal　oxidization　action　and　＇tortuous　path＇　effect　of　Ti3C2Tx　nanosheets　combined　with　the　trapping　effect　of　APP@CS　resulted　in　the　dramatically　improved　fire　resistance　of　the　polymeric　material.　This　work　offers　an　innovative　strategy　to　fabricate　the　high-performance　polymer　composites　with　superior　fire　safety.　©　2021　Elsevier　Ltd