Urban　biowaste,　which　refers　to　the　organic　fraction　of　municipal　solid　waste　(MSW),　is　a　predominant　type　of　waste　in　low-　and　middle-income　countries.　Therefore,　the　sustainable　management　of　urban　biowaste　is　a　key　problem　in　solid　waste　management　(SWM).　However,　treatment　technologies　usually　come　with　secondary　pollution　and　by-products　that　need　further　treatment,　which　would　limit　the　economic　and　environmental　benefits　of　the　waste　management　system.　The　concept　of　industrial　ecology　has　the　potential　to　be　introduced　into　the　waste　management　field　to　solve　this　problem.　Based　on　a　practical　case　study　of　a　city　in　eastern　China,　this　paper　conducted　a　complete　urban　biowaste　treatment　system　planning　exercise　using　concepts　in　industrial　ecology.　The　establishment　of　the　new　system　has　significant　economic,　environmental　and　social　benefits.　The　total　output　value　of　the　project　would　reach　342　million　yuan　in　2025,　corresponding　to　945,000　tons　of　solid　wastes　consumed　every　year,　which　would　significantly　reduce　the　environmental　pollution　caused　by　solid　waste.　More　than　700　jobs　could　also　be　created.　In　addition,　the　establishment　of　an　urban　biowaste　sustainable　management　system　requires　the　joint　effort　of　enterprise,　government　and　the　public,　which　in　turn　requires　innovation　in　business　models　and　management　policies.　Therefore,　a　special　management　committee　should　be　established　to　promote　collaboration　among　stakeholders,　and　an　online　platform　that　enables　end-to-end　process　supervision　covering　the　entire　system,　including　emergency　management　mechanisms,　needs　to　be　established　to　ensure　the　long-term　stable　operation　of　various　treatment　facilities.　The　results　of　this　paper　show　that　synergies　among　technologies　should　be　promoted　to　provide　systemic　benefit,　and　that　the　infrastructure　for　pollution　control　should　be　shared　to　ensure　high　utilization.　©　2021　Elsevier　B.V.