Selective　hydrogenation　plays　an　important　role　in　the　chemical　industry　and　has　a　wide　range　of　applications,　including　the　production　of　fine　chemicals　and　petrochemicals,　pharmaceutical　synthesis,　healthcare　product　development,　and　the　synthesis　of　agrochemicals.　Pd-based　catalysts　have　been　widely　applied　for　selective　hydrogenation　due　to　their　unique　electronic　structure　and　ability　to　adsorb　and　activate　hydrogen　and　unsaturated　substrates.　However,　the　exclusive　and　comprehensive　summarization　of　the　size,　composition,　and　surface　and　interface　effect　of　metal　Pd　on　the　performance　for　selective　hydrogenation　is　still　lacking.　In　this　perspective,　the　research　progress　on　selective　hydrogenation　using　Pd-based　catalysts　is　summarized.　The　strategies　for　improving　the　catalytic　hydrogenation　performance　over　Pd-based　catalysts　are　investigated.　Specifically,　the　effects　of　the　size,　composition,　and　surface　and　interfacial　structure　of　Pd-based　catalysts,　which　could　influence　the　dissociation　mode　of　hydrogen,　the　adsorption,　and　the　reaction　mode　of　the　catalytic　substrate,　on　the　performance　have　been　systemically　reviewed.　Then,　the　progress　on　Pd-based　catalysts　for　selective　hydrogenation　of　unsaturated　alkynes,　aldehydes,　ketones,　and　nitroaromatic　hydrocarbons　is　revealed　based　on　the　fundamental　principles　of　selective　hydrogenation.　Finally,　perspectives　on　the　further　development　of　strategies　for　chemical　selective　hydrogenation　are　provided.　It　is　hoped　that　this　perspective　would　provide　an　instructive　guideline　for　constructing　efficient　heterogeneous　Pd-based　catalysts　for　various　selective　hydrogenation　reactions.