This　study　presents　the　results　of　a　refined　numerical　investigation　meant　at　understanding　the　time-dependent　cyclic　behavior　of　reinforced　concrete　(RC)　bridge　columns　under　chlorides-induced　corrosion.　The　chloride　ingress　in　the　cross-section　of　the　bridge　column　is　simulated,　taking　into　account　the　effects　of　temperature,　humidity,　aging,　and　corrosion-induced　cover　cracking.　Once　the　partial　differential　equations　governing　such　multiphysics　problem　are　solved　through　the　finite-element　method,　the　loss　of　reinforcement　steel　bars　cross-section　is　calculated　based　on　the　estimated　corrosion　current　density.　The　nonlinear　cyclic　response　of　the　RC　bridge　column　under　corrosion　is,　thus,　determined　by　discretizing　its　cross-sections　into　several　unidirectional　fibers.　In　particular,　the　nonlinear　modeling　of　the　corroded　longitudinal　rebars　exploits　a　novel　proposal　for　the　estimation　of　the　ultimate　strain　in　tension　and　also　accounts　for　buckling　under　compression.　A　parametric　numerical　study　is　finally　conducted　for　a　real　case　study　to　unfold　the　role　of　corrosion　pattern　and　buckling　mode　of　the　longitudinal　rebars　on　the　time　variation　of　capacity　and　ductility　of　RC　bridge　columns.　©　2021　The　Authors.　Structural　Concrete　published　by　John　Wiley　&　Sons　Ltd　on　behalf　of　International　Federation　for　Structural　Concrete