Solid-state　electrolytes　(SSEs),　being　the　key　component　of　solid-state　lithium　batteries,　have　a　significant　impact　on　battery　performance.　Rational　materials　structure　and　composition　engineering　on　SSEs　are　promising　to　improve　their　Li+　conductivity,　interfacial　contact,　and　mechanical　integrity.　Among　the　fabrication　approaches,　the　electrospinning　technique　has　attracted　tremendous　attention　due　to　its　own　merits　in　constructing　a　three-dimensional　framework　of　SSEs　with　precise　porosity　structure,　tunable　materials　composition,　easy　operation,　and　superior　physicochemical　properties.　To　this　end,　in　this　review,　we　provide　a　comprehensive　summary　of　the　recent　development　of　electrospinning　techniques　for　high-performance　SSEs.　Firstly,　we　introduce　the　historical　development　of　SSEs　and　summarize　the　fundamentals,　including　the　Li+　transport　mechanism　and　materials　selection　principle.　Then,　the　versatility　of　electrospinning　technologies　in　the　construction　of　the　three　main　types　of　SSEs　and　stabilization　of　lithium　metal　anodes　is　comprehensively　discussed.　Finally,　a　perspective　on　future　research　directions　based　on　previous　work　is　highlighted　for　developing　high-performance　solid-state　lithium　batteries　based　on　electrospinning　techniques.　©　2022　The　Authors.　Carbon　Energy　published　by　Wenzhou　University　and　John　Wiley　&　Sons　Australia,　Ltd.