In　this　study,　the　influence　of　rural　labor　transfer　and　its　spatial　spillover　effect　on　the　eco-efficiency　of　cultivated　land　use　(ECLU)　in　different　regions　were　investigated　using　the　undesirable　super-efficiency　epsilon　based　measure　(EBM)　and　spatial　Durbin　models　and　data　of　31　Chinese　provinces　for　the　period　1990-2018.　The　results　show　that:　(1)　China＇s　rural　labor　transfer　rate　increased;　(2)　in　the　east　region,　the　ECLU　has　exceeded　the　national　average　level　since　2001.　In　the　west　and　northeast　regions,　the　ECLU　was　higher,　whereas　it　remained　below　the　national　average　level　in　Central　China;　(3)　in　the　whole　country,　west,　and　northeast　regions,　the　effect　of　rural　labor　transfer　on　the　ECLU　was　first　negative　and　then　positive,　whereas　it　was　insignificant　in　East　and　Central　China.　In　Central,　West,　and　Northeast　China,　the　effect　of　the　labor　transfer　on　the　ECLU　had　significant　spatial　spillover　effects;　(4)　a　significant　U-shaped　trend　was　observed　between　the　local　labor　transfer　and　ECLU　in　the　whole　country,　west,　and　northeast　regions.　A　positive　linear　correlation　was　determined　for　Central　China;　labor　transfer　in　other　regions　had　significant　indirect　effects　on　the　ECLU　in　Central　and　Northeastern　China.　In　conclusion,　China＇s　rural　labor　transfer　had　a　significant　spatial　spillover　effect　on　the　ECLU,　and　differences　were　observed　between　East,　Central,　West,　and　Northeast　China.