Waste　management　has　become　an　ever-increasing　global　issue　due　to　population　growth　and　rapid　globalisation.　For　similar　reasons,　the　greenhouse　effect　caused　by　fossil　fuel　combustion,　is　leading　to　chronic　climate　change　issues.　A　novel　approach,　the　waste-to-hydrogen　process,　is　introduced　to　address　the　concern　of　waste　generation　and　climate　change　with　an　additional　merit　of　production　of　a　renewable,　higher　energy　density　than　fossil　fuels　and　sustainable　transportation　fuel,　hydrogen　(H2)　gas.　In　the　downstream　H2　purifying　process,　membrane　separation　is　one　of　the　appealing　options　for　the　waste-to-hydrogen　process　given　its　low　energy　consumption　and　low　operational　cost.　However,　commercial　polymeric　membranes　have　hindered　membrane　separation　process　due　to　their　low　separation　performance.　By　introducing　novel　two-dimensional　materials　as　substitutes,　the　limitation　of　purifying　using　conventional　membranes　can　potentially　be　solved.　Herein,　this　article　provides　a　comprehensive　review　of　two-dimensional　materials　as　alternatives　to　membrane　technology　for　the　gas　separation　of　H2　in　waste-to-hydrogen　downstream　process.　Moreover,　this　review　article　elaborates　and　provides　some　perspectives　on　the　challenges　and　future　potential　of　the　waste-to-hydrogen　process　and　the　use　of　two-dimensional　materials　in　membrane　technology.　©　2022　The　Authors