The　application　of　boron　nitride　(BN)　nanomaterials　in　various　fields　received　extensive　attention　in　the　past　decades,　attributed　to　its　extraordinary　characteristics:　high　surface　area,　low　density,　excellent　thermal　stability,　mechanical　strength,　bio-compatible,　and　excellent　corrosion　resistance　and　antioxidant.　This　article　starts　reviews　the　research　progress　in　the　synthesis　of　BN　nanomaterials　with　different　dimensions,　followed　by　briefly　summarizing　the　commonly　used　preparation　methods　and　main　applications　of　BN　nanomaterials,　focusing　on　their　potential　applications　in　the　fields　of　environmental　remediation,　energy　conversion　(oxygen　reduction,　nitrogen　reduction,　hydrogen　evolution,　fuel　cell),　and　biomedicine.　Finally,　the　research　prospects　of　BN-based　nanomaterials　are　proposed,　including　the　challenges　for　the　large-scale　preparation　of　BN　nanomaterials　and　mechanism　research.　It　is　expected　that　this　review　is　beneficial　further　to　understand　the　current　status　and　properties　of　BN-based　nanomaterials,　to　promote　research　and　development　of　the　BN　nanomaterials　in　various　fields.　©　2022　The　Authors