Due　to　the　potential　risk　of　antibiotics　to　the　environment,　the　development　of　inexpensive,　simple,　and　reliable　antibiotic　detection　methods　is　significant　but　also　faces　challenges.　In　this　work,　several　lanthanide-organic　frameworks　(LOFs),　constructed　from　lanthanide　ions　(Eu3+　and/or　Tb3+)　and　1,3,5-benzene-tricarboxylic　acid　(BTC),　were　synthesized　by　solvothermal　method.　LOF-S3　with　comparable　emission　peaks　of　5D4　→　7F5　(Tb3+,　545　nm)　and　5D0　→　7F2　(Eu3+,　618　nm)　was　selected　as　a　luminescent　sensor.　In　this　system,　the　highly　efficient　energy　transferred　from　the　organic　linker　to　lanthanide　ions　and　from　Tb3+　to　Eu3+　occurs.　LOF-S3　sensor　was　capable　of　decoding　antibiotics　by　distinguishable　emission　intensity　ratios.　Therefore,　a　two-dimensional　decoded　map　of　antibiotics　was　established.　The　linear　relationship　between　antibiotic　concentration　and　emission　intensity　ratio　indicated　the　quantitative　determination　of　antibiotics　was　feasible.　As　a　typical　analyte,　the　response　mechanism　of　nalidixic　acid　(NA)　was　investigated　in　detail.　The　competition　of　NA　and　BTC　for　UV　light　absorption,　as　well　as　the　binding　propensity　of　NA　and　Tb,　affected　the　organic　linkers-to-lanthanide　ions　and　Tb-to-Eu　energy　transfer,　resulting　in　the　change　of　fluorescence　intensity　ratio.　The　self-calibrating　mixed-LOF　sensor　overcame　the　uncontrollable　errors　of　the　traditional　absolute　emission　intensity　method　and　generated　stable　luminescent　signals　in　multiple　cycles.　Furthermore,　the　integration　of　LOF-S3　with　polymer　fibers　enabled　the　formation　of　a　LOF-polymer　fibrous　composite　with　fluorescence　detection　capability,　which　is　a　promising　portable　sensor　for　practical　applications.　[Figure　not　available:　see　fulltext.].　©　2022,　Higher　Education　Press.