Background:　The　study　carries　the　aim　to　compare　the　clinical　efficacy　and　economic　outcomes　of　using　barbed　suture　closure　versus　conventional　closure　for　wounds　after　posterior　long-segment　lumbar　surgery.　Methods:　One　hundred　and　eighty-one　patients　undertaking　posterior　long-segment　lumbar　surgery　participated　in　the　prospective　randomized　controlled　trial　study　to　receive　either　barbed　suture　wound　closure　(n　=　91)　or　conventional　suture　closure　(n　=　90).　Outcome　measures　included　operating　room　time　(ORT),　wound　closure　time,　length　of　incision,　length　of　hospital　stay　(LOS),　90-day　readmission　rates,　wound　complications　of　dehiscence　and　infection,　and　costs.　Results:　Barbed　suture　group　was　related　with　significantly　lower　ORT　(P　=　0.036),　wound　closure　time　(P　＜　0.001)　and　average　wound　closure　time　(P　＜　0.001),　and　significantly　lower　wound　complication　rates　(dehiscence　and　infection)　(P　=　0.031).　No　significant　differences　were　found　when　compared　with　conventional　suture　group　in　terms　of　length　of　incision　(P　=　0.086),　length　of　hospital　stay　(P　=　0.174),　readmission　rates　up　to　90 days　after　the　surgical　procedure　(P　=　0.232)　and　costs　(P　=　0.205).　Conclusion:　The　study　suggested　the　knotless　barbed　suture　technique　outperformed　the　conventional　suture　in　shortening　operating　room　time,　wound　closure　time　and　average　wound　closure　time,　and　reducing　wound　complication　rates.　©　2022,　The　Author(s).