Proton　exchange　membrane　fuel　cell　(PEMFC)　is　one　of　a　kind　high　efficiency　with　hydrogen　acts　as　a　reducing　agent　and　oxygen　(air)　acts　as　an　oxidant　a　clean　electrochemical　power　generation　device　that　can　directly　convert　the　chemical　energy　of　the　fuel　into　electricity　and　is　not　limited　by　the　Karnot　cycle　effect,　so　it　has　a　high　energy　conversion　rate　(40%-60%).　PEMFC　units　do　not　contain　mechanical　motion　elements,　so　they　work　reliably,　require　less　maintenance,　and　operate　quietly　and　quietly.　The　influencing　factors　limiting　the　performance　conversion　rate　of　PEMFC　are　mainly:　activation　polarization,　ohmic　polarization,　and　concentration　polarization.　First,　activation　polarization:　The　main　factor　affecting　the　FC　voltage　in　the　low　current　density　region　is　activation　polarization.　The　activation　polarization　phenomenon　is　mainly　due　to　the　wonder　of　the　electrode　electrochemical　reaction　delay　caused　by　its　potential　deviation　from　the　equilibrium　potential.　Second,　ohmic　polarization:　As　the　current　density　increases,　ohmic　polarization　loss　gradually　dominates.　This　is　mainly　due　to　the　voltage　loss　caused　by　the　current　collector　plate,　the　contact　resistance　between　the　membrane　electrode　assemblies,　etc.　Third,　the　concentration　difference　polarization:　when　the　current　density　reaches　a　specific　value,　the　gas　concentration　polarization　will　cause　the　voltage　to　drop　sharply,　and　the　current　value　reaches　the　current　limit　density.　Therefore,　the　transport　efficiency　of　the　reactant　gas　in　the　high　current　density　region　is　an　important　factor　affecting　the　fuel　cell,　and　the　flow　channel　layout　is　the　key　to　affecting　the　reactant　gas　and　the　active　area　of　the　cell,　improving　the　diffusion　efficiency　of　the　reactant　gas　and　enhancing　the　drainage　performance　of　the　cell.　©　2022　IEEE.