Although　physical　activity　is　presumed　to　influence　individuals’　work,　motivation　for　daily　physical　activity　and　resulting　implications　for　job　performance　are　absent　in　the　management　literature.　Integrating　conservation　of　resources　theory　with　the　literature　on　physical　activity,　we　build　a　theoretical　model　to　address　the　nomological　network　of　physical　activity,　inclusive　of　a　predictor　(autonomous　motivation),　mediators　(resource　caravans:　physical,　affective,　and　cognitive),　outcomes　(performance　and　health),　and　boundary　condition　(job　self-efficacy).　We　test　our　theoretical　model　in　two　experience　sampling　studies　that　track　employees’　physical　activity　across　10　workdays,　using　multiple　data　sources　(self,　supervisor,　and　objective).　Findings　across　two　studies　consistently　reveal　that　autonomous　motivation　prompts　employees’　average　levels　of　daily　physical　activity,　which,　on　a　daily　basis,　generates　resource　caravans—physical　(sleep　quality),　affective　(vigor),　and　cognitive　(task　focus)—that,　in　turn,　variously　benefit　next-day　performance　(task　and　creative　performance)　and　health　(somatic　symptoms).　Next-day　task　performance　is　enhanced　through　increased　task　focus,　while　next-day　somatic　symptoms　are　reduced　through　improved　sleep　quality　and　vigor.　Further,　job　self-efficacy　strengthens　the　benefits　of　daily　physical　activity　on　work　outcomes　through　sleep　quality　and　task　focus　but　not　vigor.　©　2023　Wiley　Periodicals,　Inc.