A　four-point　shear　(FPS)　test　was　conducted　to　investigate　the　mixed　mode　fracture　characteristics　of　the　shotcrete-rock　interface.　Real-time　monitoring　of　the　fracture　process　was　achieved　using　acoustic　emission　(AE)　and　digital　image　correlation　(DIC)　techniques.　The　mechanical　test　results　indicate　that　residual　stress　increases　with　modal　Angle　or　roughness　under　the　same　crack　mouth　opening　displacement　(CMOD).　As　the　modal　angle　increases,　the　crack　morphology　and　damage　mechanism　of　the　granite-shotcrete　interface　change.　For　large　modal　angles,　the　crack　expands　into　the　granite　during　the　expansion　process,　leading　to　a　larger　range　of　granite　damage　at　the　interface.　The　results　obtained　through　the　nearest　neighbor　method　reveal　that　specimens　with　small　mode　angle,　low　roughness　or　weak　material　properties　on　one　side　do　not　exhibit　obvious　background　events,　whereas　the　cluster　characteristics　of　density　distribution　are　evident.　The　AE　events　with　smaller　nearest　neighbor　distances　were　found　to　be　concentrated　around　the　macroscopic　cracks.　Moreover,　the　modal　angle　was　observed　to　have　a　significant　impact　on　crack　opening/sliding　displacement,　with　crack　mouth　sliding　displacement　(CMSD)　and　crack　tip　sliding　displacement　(CTSD)　both　increasing　significantly　as　the　modal　angle　increases.　©　2023　Elsevier　Ltd