Chloroplasts　have　important　roles　in　photosynthesis,　stress　sensing　and　retrograde　signaling.　However,　the　relationship　between　chloroplast　peptide　chain　release　factor　and　ROS-mediated　plant　growth　is　still　unclear.　In　the　present　study,　we　obtained　a　loss-of-function　mutant　dig8　by　EMS　mutation.　The　dig8　mutant　has　few　lateral　roots　and　a　pale　green　leaf　phenotype.　By　map-based　cloning,　the　DIG8　gene　was　located　on　AT3G62910,　with　a　point　mutation　leading　to　amino　acid　substitution　in　functional　release　factor　domain.　Using　yeast-two-hybrid　and　BiFC,　we　confirmed　DIG8　protein　was　characterized　locating　in　chloroplast　by　co-localization　with　plastid　marker　and　interacting　with　ribosome-related　proteins.　Through　observing　by　transmission　electron　microscopy,　quantifying　ROS　content　and　measuring　the　transport　efficiency　of　plasmodesmata　in　dig8　mutant,　we　found　that　abnormal　thylakoid　stack　formation　and　chloroplast　dysfunction　in　the　dig8　mutant　caused　increased　ROS　activity　leading　to　callose　deposition　and　lower　PD　permeability.　A　local　sugar　supplement　partially　alleviated　the　growth　retardation　phenotype　of　the　mutant.　These　findings　shed　light　on　chloroplast　peptide　chain　release　factor-affected　plant　growth　by　ROS　stress.　Copyright　©　2023　Zhang,　Han,　Han,　Zhang,　Xiong　and　Chen.