The　Turkey-Syria　earthquake　on　6　February　2023　resulted　in　losses　such　as　casualties,　road　damage,　and　building　collapses.　We　mapped　and　quantified　the　areas　impacted　by　the　earthquake　at　different　distances　and　directions　using　NOAA-20　VIIRS　nighttime　light　(NTL)　data.　We　then　explored　the　relationship　between　the　average　changes　in　the　NTL　intensity,　population　density,　and　building　density　using　the　bivariate　local　indicators　of　the　spatial　association　(LISA)　method.　In　Turkey,　Hatay,　Gaziantep,　and　Sanliurfa　experienced　the　largest　NTL　losses.　Ar　Raqqah　was　the　most　affected　city　in　Syria,　with　the　highest　NTL　loss　rate.　A　correlation　analysis　showed　that　the　number　of　injured　populations　in　the　provinces　in　Turkey　and　the　number　of　pixels　with　a　decreased　NTL　intensity　exhibited　a　linear　correlation,　with　an　R-squared　value　of　0.7395.　Based　on　the　changing　value　of　the　NTL,　the　areas　with　large　NTL　losses　were　located　50　km　from　the　earthquake　epicentre　in　the　east-by-south　and　north-by-west　directions　and　130　km　from　the　earthquake　epicentre　in　the　southwest　direction.　The　large　NTL　increase　areas　were　distributed　130　km　from　the　earthquake　epicentre　in　the　north-by-west　and　north-by-east　directions　and　180　km　from　the　earthquake　epicentre　in　the　northeast　direction,　indicating　a　high　resilience　and　effective　earthquake　rescue.　The　areas　with　large　NTL　losses　had　large　populations　and　building　densities,　particularly　in　the　areas　approximately　130　km　from　the　earthquake　epicentre　in　the　south-by-west　direction　and　within　40　km　of　the　earthquake　epicentre　in　the　north-by-west　direction,　which　can　be　seen　from　the　low-high　(L-H)　pattern　of　the　LISA　results.　Our　findings　provide　insights　for　evaluating　natural　disasters　and　can　help　decision　makers　to　plan　post-disaster　reconstruction　and　determine　risk　levels　on　a　national　or　regional　scale.