Recently,　nano　theranostics,　by　integrating　diagnostic　and　therapeutic　functions　into　a　nano　system,　have　provided　increasing　opportunities　for　the　design　of　personalized　medicine　in　cancer.　Among　the　construction　method　of　various　theranostic　nano　systems,　the　design　of　single　component　nanoparticles　which　are　composed　of　organic　photosensitive　dyes　has　become　a　promising　approach　to　constructing　multifunctional　nano-theranostic　systems,　thanks　to　its　unique　advantages　such　as　defined　structure,　100%　loading,　and　high　repeatability.　Specifically,　depending　on　the　inherent　photonic　imaging　and　therapeutic　properties　of　the　photosensitive　dyes,　the　multifunctional　purpose　which　integrates　theranostic　effects　and　targeting　abilities　can　be　realized　via　reasonable　molecular　modification　and　supramolecular　assembly.　In　this　review,　recent　advances　in　the　development　of　nanostructured　self-assemblies　of　porphyrins,　phthalocyanines,　and　boron-dipyrromethanes　for　theranostics　are　summarized.　Emphasis　on　their　design　consideration　and　theranostic　applications　are　presented.　Additionally,　prospects　for　clinical　practice　and　potential　challenges　of　this　rapidly　growing　field　are　also　provided.　©　2022　Institute　of　Process　Engineering,　Chinese　Academy　of　Sciences.