Metal-rubber　sandwich　cylindrical　shell　displays　a　broad　range　of　potential　applications　in　the　field　of　thermal　insulation　due　to　its　advantages　of　lightweight,　high-temperature　stability,　and　superior　high-temperature　thermal　insulation　properties.　To　optimize　the　thermal　insulation　performance　of　a　sandwich　cylindrical　shell　with　a　metal-rubber　core,　this　study　proposes　the　idea　of　filling　the　pores　of　the　metal-rubber　with　aerogel,　thereby　forming　a　composite　structure　of　aerogel　and　metal-rubber　(AMR).　Through　finite　element　analysis,　the　law　of　internal　temperature　changes　in　the　AMR　composite　structure　and　the　distribution　laws　of　the　velocity　field,　viscosity　field,　and　pressure　field　of　the　sandwich　cylindrical　shell　under　varying　wind　speeds　are　investigated.　These　findings　are　further　verified　through　heat　transfer　and　forced　convection　tests.　The　results　reveal　that　the　thermal　conductivity　of　the　AMR　composite　structure　at　the　same　density　is　lower　than　that　of　the　metalrubber,　and　the　thermal　insulation　performance　of　the　AMR　composite　structure　is　directly　proportional　to　its　density.　Meanwhile,　through　the　analysis　of　forced　convection　heat　transfer　in　the　cylindrical　shell,　it　is　found　that　wind　speed　has　a　direct　relationship　with　the　pressure　field,　velocity　field,　and　viscosity　field.　In　addition,　there　is　a　relatively　high　viscosity　and　a　low　flow　rate　near　the　wall　of　the　cylindrical　shell,　with　a　higher　flow　rate　at　the　axis　of　the　cylindrical　shell.　At　the　same　wind　speed,　the　temperature　rise　of　the　sandwich　cylindrical　shell　shows　a　positive　correlation　with　an　increase　in　density,　and　the　maximum　stable　temperature　also　increases　correspondingly.　Moreover,　at　the　same　density,　the　thermal　conductivity　demonstrates　a　negative　correlation　with　increasing　temperature.