The　design　of　novel　practical　catalysts　is　critical　for　the　blossoming　of　biodiesel　green-energy,　in　which　Mo-based　catalysts　are　of　particular　interest.　In　this　work,　an　in-situ　synthesis　method　was　proposed　to　obtain　a　combo　Mo-based　ionic　liquid　and　SAPO-11　catalyst.　The　catalyst　presents　both　highly　dispersed　MoS2　as　hydrodeoxygenation　active　sites　and　acidic　sites　for　isomerization.　MoS2　with　a　few　fine　layers　can　be　identified　based　on　TEM　images　and　the　Brønsted　acid　sites　are　dominant　based　on　Pyridine-IR　analysis.　A　great　performance　of　MoS2/C8min-15　%SA　can　be　obtained　under　optimized　reaction　conditions　with　100　%　conversion　of　methyl　palmitate,　75.0　mol%　hydrodeoxygenation　to　n-C15-C16,　and　20.5　mol　%　isomerization　to　i-C15-C16.　The　structure　and　activity　of　the　catalyst　can　be　retained　at　least　for　4　cycles.　Thin　layers　and　high　sulfurization,　large　amount　of　Brønsted　acid　sites,　and　suitable　reaction　conditions　are　key　points　to　achieve　a　significant　performance　and　avoid　over　cracking　and　deactivation.　On　basis　of　detected　intermediates　and　kinetic　data　simulations,　a　complex　reaction　pathway　was　proposed　and　the　specific　k　values　for　each　elementary　reaction　were　provided　for　the　hydrodeoxygenation　and　isomerization　of　methyl　palmitate.　©　2024　Elsevier　Ltd