Photocatalytic　H2　evolution　as　a　resultful　way　to　figure　out　energy　problems　is　still　inhibited　by　carrier　separation　efficiency　and　catalyst　service　life.　Here,　we　report　a　hierarchical　S-Scheme　heterostructure　of　layered　graphite　carbon　nitride　and　CdS　nanoparticles　coated　with　carbon　film　(g-C3N4/CdS@C)　by　a　simple　hydrothermal　method　for　highly　efficient　visible-light-driven　H2　evolution.　The　S-Scheme,　comprising　g-C3N4　and　CdS,　synergistically　enhances　the　efficiency　of　carrier　separation　while　maintaining　the　redox　capacity　of　both　components.　The　introduction　of　carbon　film　enhances　the　migration　rate　of　carriers,　in　the　meantime　inhibits　the　photo　corrosion　of　CdS　to　enhance　the　stability　of　catalyst.　The　g-C3N4/CdS@C　achieves　the　H2　generation　rate　of　6.4　mmol　g−1　h−1　and　the　apparent　quantum　yield　of　12.7%,　superior　to　most　works　on　g-C3N4.　This　work　provides　a　delicate　S-Scheme　photocatalyst　and　offers　a　valid　strategy　for　prolonging　the　lifetime　of　transition　metal　sulfide-based　materials.　©　2023　Hydrogen　Energy　Publications　LLC