Hydrogen　is　praised　as　a　promising　carrier　of　clean　energy　due　to　its　high　calorific　combustion　value　and　environmental　friendliness.　The　idea　of　water　electrolysis　powered　by　renewable　electricity　to　produce　high-quality　hydrogen　has　ignited　fervor　among　researchers　in　pursuit　of　sustainable　energy　development.　However,　the　sluggish　kinetics　of　the　traditional　anodic　oxygen　evolution　reaction　(OER)　hinders　efficient　energy　conversion.　Given　this,　researchers　propose　new　ideas　to　improve　energy　conversion　efficiency　by　developing　alternative　anodic　reaction　types　and　catalysts.　This　review　focuses　on　nickel-based　electrocatalysts,　highlighting　their　recent　advancements　in　conventional　OER　as　well　as　emerging　small　molecule　electrooxidation　reactions.　We　provide　insights　into　catalyst　design　and　synthesis,　performance　optimization,　mechanism　exploration,　and　structure-activity　relationships.　Additionally,　we　discuss　the　current　challenges　and　potential　solutions　of　Ni-based　anode　electrocatalysts　for　hydrogen　production.　©　2023　American　Chemical　Society.