Enzyme　mimics　with　dual　enzyme-like　activities　can　catalyse　cascade　reactions　with　high　efficiency　and　thus　play　a　significant　role　in　biochemistry　since　multistep　cascade　reactions　often　occur　in　biocatalysis.　Especially,　a　nanozyme　that　simultaneously　possesses　peroxidase-like　and　pyranose　oxidase　(POx)-like　activities　is　highly　desired　since　it　can　be　used　for　bio-synthetizing　rare　sugars　and　fabricating　bio-enzyme-free　colorimetric　methods　for　the　detection　of　various　pyranoses.　We　herein　prepared　a　novel　dual-active　nanozyme,　which　simultaneously　possesses　enhanced　and　stable　peroxidase-like　and　POx-like　activities,　by　loading　gold　nanoparticles　(AuNPs)　on　MoS2　nanosheets　(AuNPs@MoS2).　The　prepared　AuNPs@MoS2　nanozyme　can　catalyse　various　tandem　reactions　of　pyranose　oxidation　and　H2O2mediated　oxidation　of　TMB　with　high　efficiency　and,　therefore,　can　be　used　to　fabricate　bio-enzyme-free　colorimetric　methods　for　the　detection　of　various　monosaccharides　with　a　pyranyl　ring,　including　glucose,　xylose　and　galactose.　Based　on　the　AuNPs@MoS2　nanozyme,　we　successfully　developed　bio-enzyme-free　colorimetric　methods　for　the　detection　of　glucose,　xylose　and　galactose　with　a　visual　detection　limit　of　0.2–0.3　mM　and　a　spectrometry　detection　limit　of　5.0–11　mM.　The　developed　colorimetric　glucose,　xylose　and　galactose　detection　methods　were　successfully　used　to　detect　glucose　in　serum,　xylose　in　bread　and　galactose　in　milk,　respectively,　with　a　recovery　of　89–108%　and　a　relative　standard　deviation　(RSD,　n　=　5)　of　o5%.　With　enhanced　peroxidase-like　and　POx-like　activities　and　good　stability,　the　developed　AuNPs@MoS2　provided　a　promising　dual-active　nanozyme　for　the　bio-enzyme-free　catalysis　of　various　cascade　reactions　for　the　oxidation　of　various　monosaccharides　with　a　pyranyl　ring　and　for　further　fabricating　bio-enzyme-free,　cost-effective　and　simple　colorimetric　sensors　for　the　visual　detection　of　various　monosaccharides　with　a　pyranyl　ring,　including　glucose,　xylose　and　galactose.　©　2024　Royal　Society　of　Chemistry.　All　rights　reserved.