Metal–organic　frameworks　(MOFs)　have　attracted　much　attention　in　photocatalysis　due　to　their　unique　molecular　architecture　and　diverse　composition,　where　the　performance　can　be　effectively　enhanced　by　the　construction　of　heterojunctions.　In　this　review,　we　summarize　the　recent　progress　of　MOF-based　photocatalysts　with　traditional　heterojunctions　(e.g.　type　I,　type　II,　and　p-n　type)　as　well　as　Z-　and　S-scheme　and　even　multicomponent　heterojunctions,　where　the　advantages　and　disadvantages　of　these　heterojunctions　in　their　photocatalytic　applications　toward　environmental　remediation　and　energy　conversion　are　critically　discussed.　The　review　is　concluded　with　a　perspective　for　the　further　development　of　high-performance　photocatalysts　based　on　deliberate　heterojunction　engineering　of　MOF　materials.　©　2024　Elsevier　Ltd