Cellulose　papers　(CPs)　possess　a　pore　structure,　rendering　them　ideal　precursors　for　carbon　scaffolds　because　of　their　renewability.　However,　achieving　a　tradeoff　between　high　electromagnetic　shielding　effectiveness　and　low　reflection　coefficient　poses　a　tremendous　challenge　for　CP-based　carbon　scaffolds.　To　meet　the　challenge,　leveraging　the　synergistic　effect　of　gravity　and　evaporation　dynamics,　laminar　CP-based　carbon　scaffolds　with　a　bidirectional　gradient　distribution　of　Fe3O4　nanoparticles　were　fabricated　via　immersion,　drying,　and　carbonization　processes.　The　resulting　carbon　scaffold,　owing　to　the　bidirectional　gradient　structure　of　magnetic　nanoparticles　and　unique　laminar　arrangement,　exhibited　excellent　in-plane　electrical　conductivity　(96.3　S/m),　superior　electromagnetic　shielding　efficiency　(1805.9　dB/cm2　g),　low　reflection　coefficients　(0.23),　and　a　high　green　index　(gs,　3.38),　suggesting　its　green　shielding　capabilities.　Furthermore,　the　laminar　structure　conferred　upon　the　resultant　carbon　scaffold　a　surprisingly　anisotropic　thermal　conductivity,　with　an　in-plane　thermal　conductivity　of　1.73　W/m　K　compared　to　a　through-plane　value　of　only　0.07　W/m　K,　confirming　the　integration　of　thermal　insulation　and　thermal　management　functionalities.　These　green　electromagnetic　interference　shielding　materials,　coupled　with　thermal　insulation　and　thermal　management　properties,　hold　promising　prospects　for　applications　in　sensitive　devices.　©　2024　Elsevier　B.V.