Microplastics　(MPs)　have　been　widely　found　in　the　environment　and　have　exerted　non-negligible　impacts　on　the　environment　and　human　health.　Extensive　research　has　shown　that　MPs　can　act　as　carriers　for　viruses　and　interacts　with　them　in　various　ways.　Whether　MPs　influence　the　persistence,　transmission　and　infectivity　of　virus　has　attracted　global　concern　in　the　context　of　increasing　MPs　contamination.　This　review　paper　provides　an　overview　of　the　current　state　of　knowledge　regarding　the　interactions　between　MPs　and　viruses　in　aquatic　environments.　Latest　progress　and　research　trends　in　this　field　are　summarized　based　on　literature　analysis.　Additionally,　we　discuss　the　potential　risks　posed　by　microplastic-associated　viruses　to　human　health　and　the　environmental　safety,　highlighting　that　MPs　can　affect　viral　transmission　and　infectivity　through　various　pathways.　Finally,　we　underscores　the　need　for　further　research　to　address　key　knowledge　gaps,　such　as　elucidating　synergistic　effects　between　MPs　and　viruses,　understanding　interactions　under　real　environmental　conditions,　and　exploring　the　role　of　biofilms　in　virus–MPs　interactions.　This　review　aims　to　contribute　to　a　deeper　understanding　on　the　transmission　of　viruses　in　the　context　of　increasing　MPs　pollution　in　water,　and　promote　actions　to　reduce　the　potential　risks.　Copyright　©　2024　Wang,　Zheng,　Wang,　Hou,　He,　Wang,　Zhang,　Chen　and　Liu.