In　recent　years,　China　has　entered　an　aging　society　[1].　As　they　age,　the　elderly　experience　a　continuous　decline　in　vision.　The　decrease　in　the　transmittance　of　the　elderly　lens　and　the　size　of　the　pupil　leads　to　a　weakened　sensitivity　to　light　[2].　In　terms　of　color　recognition,　due　to　the　degeneration　of　the　visual　nerves　and　the　reduction　of　cone　cells　in　the　retina,　the　elderly＇s　ability　to　distinguish　colors　deteriorates　[3].　They　become　very　sensitive　to　intense　brightness,　their　sensitivity　to　color　discrimination　decreases,　and　as　a　result,　their　speed　of　processing　visual　information　slows　down　[4].　Moreover,　with　the　increase　in　age,　cognitive　abilities　also　decline,　and　the　elderly　will　take　longer　than　younger　individuals　to　complete　a　given　task　[5].　Psychologically,　the　elderly　often　experience　negative　emotions　such　as　anxiety　and　depression　due　to　the　decline　in　vision　[6].　As　of　June　2023,　the　proportion　of　internet　users　aged　60　and　over　was　13%　[7],　and　the　number　of　elderly　people　using　smart　products　has　gradually　increased.　Therefore,　in　the　digital　age,　the　design　of　interactive　interfaces　plays　a　crucial　role　for　the　elderly　in　using　social　apps.　Phone　apps　are　commonly　used　social　apps　for　the　elderly.　According　to　color　psychology　theory,　colors　have　a　regulatory　effect　on　human　functions　and　emotional　changes　[8].　However,　most　of　the　existing　phone　app　interfaces　are　relatively　monochromatic,　relying　solely　on　characters　and　layout　to　convey　information.　The　functionality　of　searching,　dialing,　and　connecting　is　not　clear,　leading　to　relatively　difficult　information　recognition　for　the　elderly　and　a　poorer　user　experience.　©　The　Author(s),　under　exclusive　license　to　Springer　Nature　Switzerland　AG　2024.