Perfluoroalkyl　and　polyfluoroalkyl　substances　(PFASs)　have　recently　gained　considerable　attention　due　to　their　potential　risks　to　human　health　and　ecosystems.　The　response　to　these　concerns　has　led　to　regulations　and　bans　on　legacy　PFASs,　such　as　perfluorooctanoic　acid　and　perfluorooctane　sulfonic　acid.　Thus,　fluoride　production　has　shifted　toward　short-chain　PFASs　and　emerging　fluorinated　alternatives.　Several　technologies　are　available　for　PFAS　degradation,　among　which　electrochemical　oxidation　(EO)　is　a　promising　method　to　mineralize　legacy　PFASs　and　other　emerging　fluorinated　alternatives　in　water　treatment.　This　review　provides　an　overview　of　the　recent　advancements　in　EO,　comprehensively　elucidating　PFAS　degradation　mechanisms　at　the　anode　and　exploring　key　factors　that　influence　PFAS　removal　efficiency,　such　as　anode　materials　as　well　as　reactor　designs　and　configurations.　Moreover,　the　review　elucidates　the　impact　of　operating　conditions　and　parameters,　including　current　density,　electrolytes,　pH,　initial　PFAS　concentrations,　and　other　coexisting　pollutants,　on　the　EO　process.　Finally,　the　constraints　in　the　EO　process　are　discussed　when　considering　practical　implementations,　including　undesired　by-product　generation,　incomplete　mineralization　resulting　in　the　accumulation　of　short-chain　PFASs,　and　low　PFAS　concentrations　in　the　natural　environment　leading　to　mass　transfer　limitations　and　low　defluorination　efficiency.　Consequently,　this　review　provides　a　perspective　on　potential　solutions　integrating　the　pre-concentration　steps　and　EO　process　for　effective　PFAS　remediation.　©　Science　China　Press　2024.