Combined　the　electrostatic　interaction　of　the　negatively　charged　gold　nanorods　(AuNRs)　(as　acceptor)　and　Ru(bpy)32+　(as　donor),　an　electrochemiluminescence　resonance　energy　transfer　(ECL-RET)　sensor　was　constructed　and　applied　for　the　detection　of　organophosphorus　pesticides　(OPs).　Negatively　charged　AuNRs　were　synthesized　by　modifying　AuNRs　with　polystyrene　sulfonate　(PSS)　firstly,　which　can　bind　to　Ru(bpy)32+　through　electrostatic　interaction　so　that　the　luminophore　was　absorbed　by　the　acceptor,　the　resonance　energy　transfer　occurred　and　only　low　ECL　signal　had　been　detected.　Thiocholine　can　be　produced　by　the　hydrolysis　process　of　acetylthiocholine　(ATCh)　with　the　help　of　acetylcholinesterase　(AChE),　which　can　bond　with　PSS-modified　AuNRs　(PSS-AuNRs)　through　gold-sulfur　interaction,　this　caused　the　releasing　of　the　adsorbed　Ru(bpy)32+　into　the　solution　and　resulting　in　the　restoration　of　the　ECL　intensity.　However,　the　activity　of　AChE　was　inhibited　by　OPs,　and　the　recovery　process　of　the　ECL　signal　was　thus　suppressed　as　well.　In　this　study,　chlorpyrifos　was　chosen　as　model　target,　the　results　indicated　that　the　correlation　between　the　ECL　intensity　and　the　logarithm　of　chlorpyrifos　concentration　showed　remarkable　linearity　across　1　ng/mL　to　1　mg/mL,　achieving　a　detection　limit　of　0.51　ng/mL.　The　proposed　system　has　been　utilized　for　detecting　OPs　in　real　samples　with　satisfied　results.　©　2024　Elsevier　B.V.