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author:

Zhu, H. (Zhu, H..) [1] | Qi, F. (Qi, F..) [2] | Wang, X. (Wang, X..) [3] | Zhang, Y. (Zhang, Y..) [4] | Chen, F. (Chen, F..) [5] | Cai, Z. (Cai, Z..) [6] | Chen, Y. (Chen, Y..) [7] | Chen, K. (Chen, K..) [8] | Chen, H. (Chen, H..) [9] | Xie, Z. (Xie, Z..) [10] | Chen, G. (Chen, G..) [11] | Zhu, Y. (Zhu, Y..) [12] | Zhang, X. (Zhang, X..) [13] | Han, X. (Han, X..) [14] | Wu, S. (Wu, S..) [15] | Chen, S. (Chen, S..) [16] | Fu, Y. (Fu, Y..) [17] | He, F. (He, F..) [18] | Weng, Y. (Weng, Y..) [19] | Ou, J. (Ou, J..) [20]

Indexed by:

Scopus

Abstract:

Background: Influenza outbreaks have occurred frequently these years, especially in the summer of 2022 when the number of influenza cases in southern provinces of China increased abnormally. However, the exact evidence of the driving factors involved in the prodrome period is unclear, posing great difficulties for early and accurate prediction in practical work. Methods: In order to avoid the serious interference of strict prevention and control measures on the analysis of influenza influencing factors during the COVID-19 epidemic period, only the impact of meteorological and air quality factors on influenza A (H3N2) in Xiamen during the non coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) period (2013/01/01-202/01/24) was analyzed using the distribution lag non-linear model. Phylogenetic analysis of influenza A (H3N2) during 2013–2022 was also performed. Influenza A (H3N2) was predicted through a random forest and long short-term memory (RF-LSTM) model via actual and forecasted meteorological and influenza A (H3N2) values. Results: Twenty nine thousand four hundred thirty five influenza cases were reported in 2022, accounting for 58.54% of the total cases during 2013–2022. A (H3N2) dominated the 2022 summer epidemic season, accounting for 95.60%. The influenza cases in the summer of 2022 accounted for 83.72% of the year and 49.02% of all influenza reported from 2013 to 2022. Among them, the A (H3N2) cases in the summer of 2022 accounted for 83.90% of all A (H3N2) reported from 2013 to 2022. Daily precipitation(20–50 mm), relative humidity (70–78%), low (≤ 3 h) and high (≥ 7 h) sunshine duration, air temperature (≤ 21 °C) and O3 concentration (≤ 30 µg/m3, > 85 µg/m3) had significant cumulative effects on influenza A (H3N2) during the non-COVID-19 period. The daily values of PRE, RHU, SSD, and TEM in the prodrome period of the abnormal influenza A (H3N2) epidemic (19–22 weeks) in the summer of 2022 were significantly different from the average values of the same period from 2013 to 2019 (P < 0.05). The minimum RHU value was 70.5%, the lowest TEM value was 16.0 °C, and there was no sunlight exposure for 9 consecutive days. The highest O3 concentration reached 164 µg/m3. The range of these factors were consistent with the risk factor range of A (H3N2). The common influenza A (H3N2) variant genotype in 2022 was 3 C.2a1b.2a.1a. It was more accurate to predict influenza A (H3N2) with meteorological forecast values than with actual values only. Conclusion: The extreme weather conditions of sustained low temperature and wet rain may have been important driving factors for the abnormal influenza A (H3N2) epidemic. A low vaccination rate, new mutated strains, and insufficient immune barriers formed by natural infections may have exacerbated this epidemic. Meteorological forecast values can aid in the early prediction of influenza outbreaks. This study can help relevant departments prepare for influenza outbreaks during extreme weather, provide a scientific basis for prevention strategies and risk warnings, better adapt to climate change, and improve public health. © The Author(s) 2024.

Keyword:

Air quality Influenza LSTM Meteorological factors Phylogenetic analysis Random forest (RF)

Community:

  • [ 1 ] [Zhu H.]Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350012, China
  • [ 2 ] [Zhu H.]School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350011, China
  • [ 3 ] [Qi F.]School of Public Health, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Shanxi, Xi’an, 710061, China
  • [ 4 ] [Qi F.]Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases (Xi’an Jiaotong University), Ministry of Education, Xi’an, 710061, China
  • [ 5 ] [Wang X.]School of Public Health, Xiamen University, Fujian, Xiamen, 361100, China
  • [ 6 ] [Zhang Y.]Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350012, China
  • [ 7 ] [Chen F.]School of Geographical Sciences School of Carbon Neutrality Future Technology, Fujian Normal University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China
  • [ 8 ] [Cai Z.]Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350012, China
  • [ 9 ] [Chen Y.]Fujian Provincial Judicial Drug Rehabilitation Hospital, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350007, China
  • [ 10 ] [Chen K.]Fuzhou University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China
  • [ 11 ] [Chen H.]Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350012, China
  • [ 12 ] [Xie Z.]Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350012, China
  • [ 13 ] [Xie Z.]School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350011, China
  • [ 14 ] [Chen G.]Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350012, China
  • [ 15 ] [Chen G.]School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350011, China
  • [ 16 ] [Zhu Y.]Fuzhou Huayuan Primary School, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350001, China
  • [ 17 ] [Zhang X.]Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China
  • [ 18 ] [Han X.]Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350108, China
  • [ 19 ] [Wu S.]Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350012, China
  • [ 20 ] [Wu S.]School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350011, China
  • [ 21 ] [Chen S.]Fujian Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350028, China
  • [ 22 ] [Chen S.]Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Disaster Weather, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350007, China
  • [ 23 ] [Chen S.]Key Open Laboratory of Straits Disaster Weather, China Meteorological Administration, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350007, China
  • [ 24 ] [Fu Y.]Fujian Chuanzheng Communications College, Fuzhou, 350007, China
  • [ 25 ] [He F.]School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350011, China
  • [ 26 ] [Weng Y.]Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350012, China
  • [ 27 ] [Weng Y.]School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350011, China
  • [ 28 ] [Ou J.]Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350012, China
  • [ 29 ] [Ou J.]School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fujian, Fuzhou, 350011, China

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Source :

BMC Infectious Diseases

ISSN: 1471-2334

Year: 2024

Issue: 1

Volume: 24

3 . 4 0 0

JCR@2023

Cited Count:

WoS CC Cited Count:

SCOPUS Cited Count:

ESI Highly Cited Papers on the List: 0 Unfold All

WanFang Cited Count:

Chinese Cited Count:

30 Days PV: 1

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